The article presents a method for the automatic detection of tectonic faults in 3D seismic data using a deep convolutional neural network based on the UNet architecture. A key challenge in applying artificial intelligence to seismic interpretation is the severe scarcity of high-quality labeled training data, as fault labeling in real seismic volumes is subjective, labor-intensive, and often incomplete. To address this issue, the authors propose the use of synthetically generated seismic models, in which fault geometry and parameters are precisely and unambiguously defined during the modeling stage. This approach enables the creation of a large-scale, representative training dataset encompassing a wide variety of fault types and geological settings. To adapt the model to real field data, a fine-tuning mechanism is implemented using a limited set of expert-interpreted seismic sections. The modified multi-level network architecture that ensures high sensitivity to thin and elongated tectonic features and produces a probabilistic fault cube that reflects the model’s confidence in fault presence at each location. Practical testing on real data from Rosneft Oil Company confirmed the high effectiveness of the proposed approach: after fine-tuning, the model demonstrates significantly improved fault detection performance, thereby enhancing the efficiency, objectivity, and reproducibility of the interpretation process. The developed method enables geophysicists to focus on result analysis rather than on the routine task of structural delineation and was proven successful across diverse tectonic settings.

Refereces

1. Wu X., Liang L., Shi Y., Fomel S., FaultSeg3D: Using synthetic data sets to train an end-to-end convolutional neural network for 3D seismic fault segmentation, Geophysics, 2019, V. 84, no. 3, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0646.1

2. Fossen H. Structural geology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012, 940 p.

3. Wu X., Geng Z., Shi Y. et al., Building realistic structure models to train convolutional neural networks for seismic structural interpretation, Geophysics, 2019, V. 85,

no. 4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0375.1

4. Sheng H., Wu X., Si X. et al., Seismic Foundation Model (SFM): A new generation deep learning model in geophysics, 2023,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2309.02791

5. Zhang C.N., Zhang C.S., Song J. et al., A survey on masked autoencoder for self-supervised learning in vision and beyond, 2022,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.00173

The article presents the results of experimental field operations on the use of eccentric calibrators with a diameter of 118, 126 and 152,4 mm as part of a section of steel drill pipes when completing horizontal sections of new and reconstructed wells at the fields of Orenburgneft JSC. These operations were carried out as part of the strategic task of Rosneft Oil Company to increase the commercial rate of drilling production wells. It is shown that the expert work of Rosneft's specialists made it possible to solve a complex production task of improving the preparation of horizontal sections of wellbores during completion by the method of lowering tailings with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing (MSHF). This technical and technological solution significantly reduced the time spent by Orenburgneft JSC on long-term studies of horizontal sections of new and reconstructed wells before lowering tailings with MSHF. Using a software package for engineering calculations in drilling, the authors performed modeling of technological operations for well completion with eccentric calibrators as part of a steel drill pipe assembly, which enabled them to determine the calibration friction coefficients in the casing and open wellbore. The article presents economic indicators of reducing production time for preparing horizontal wellbores at the fields of Orenburgneft JSC, and analyzes the possible risks of using this technology for subsequent replication of the obtained experience in completion of horizontal sections with similar geological conditions using shanks with MSHF.

References

1. Gerzhberg Yu.M., Technology of drilling a wellbore for running rigid casing strings using eccentric devices (In Russ.), Inzhener-neftyanik, 2009, no. 4, pp. 13–17.

2. Salakhov M.F., Davletov R.I., Aleksashev A.P., Zinatullina E.R., Optimizatsiya srokov stroitel’stva skvazhin za schet primeneniya ekstsentrichnykh kalibratorov (Optimization of well construction times through the use of eccentric calibrators), Collected papers “Inzhiniring stroitel’stva i rekonstruktsii skvazhin” (Well construction and reconstruction engineering), Proceedings of scientific and technical conference, Samara: Publ. of SamaraNIPIneft LLC, 2022, pp. 64–64.

3. Sundeev S.Yu., Primenenie ekstsentrichnogo kalibratora-rasshiritelya pri stroitel’stve gorizontal’nykh skvazhin (Application of eccentric calibrator-expander in horizontal well construction), Collected papers “Kompleksnyy inzhiniring v neftegazodobyche: opyt, innovatsii, razvitie AO “Giprovostokneft’” (Integrated Engineering in oil and gas production: Experience, innovation, and development at Giprovostokneft), Proceedings of 6th international scientific and practical conference, Samara, 2024.

The article presents a comparative analysis of parallel processes for hydrocarbon production and groundwater extraction for reservoir pressure maintenance (RPM). The interdependencies between these processes are evident to subsurface users, yet have significant differences in regulatory frameworks. Legislative harmonization to align these processes while minimizing risks for subsurface users is the primary objective of this publication. The article details and evaluates factors influencing the growing demand for groundwater extraction volumes for RPM or the disposal of associated water volumes exceeding those specified in the technical documentation for development. The presented factors have a direct impact on infrastructure decisions in ensuring the target level of profitability of hydrocarbon deposit development. The sequence of work cycles was compared, including the preparation of project documentation for subsurface geological studies, reserve calculations, and the development of technical documentation for oil and gas field exploitation, as well as underground water resources, taking into account the timing and specific characteristics of the studied objects. Based on a deep understanding of the development processes of oil and gas fields, Rosneft Oil Company developed innovative proposals to improve the regulatory framework for the exploration and operation of underground water resources during the development of oil fields. These proposals aim to establish a stable and safe technological water supply system, confirming the company's high level of expertise in hydrogeology.

References

1. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia No. 356 of June 14, 2016 (as amended on August 7, 2020) “Ob utverzhdenii Pravil razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr’ya” (On approval of the Rules for the development of hydrocarbon deposits).

2. Government Resolution No. 335 of March 1, 2023 “O gosudarstvennoy ekspertize zapasov poleznykh iskopaemykh i podzemnykh vod, geologicheskoy informatsii o predostavlyaemykh v pol’zovanie uchastkakh nedr, ob opredelenii razmera i poryadka vzimaniya platy za ee provedenie” (On the state examination of mineral reserves and groundwater, geological information on subsoil areas provided for use, on determining the amount and procedure for collecting fees for its implementation).

3. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 674 of April 16, 2022 “Pravila provedeniya ekspertizy proektnoy dokumentatsii na osushchestvlenie regional’nogo geologicheskogo izucheniya nedr, geologicheskogo izucheniya nedr, vklyuchaya poiski i otsenku mestorozhdeniy poleznykh iskopaemykh, razvedki mestorozhdeniy poleznykh iskopaemykh i razmera platy za ee provedenie i o vnesenii izmeneniya v perechen’ normativnykh pravovykh aktov i grupp normativnykh pravovykh aktov federal’nykh organov ispolnitel’noy vlasti, pravovykh aktov, otdel’nykh polozheniy pravovykh aktov, grupp pravovykh aktov ispolnitel’nykh i rasporyaditel’nykh organov gosudarstvennoy vlasti RSFSR i Soyuza SSR, resheniy Gosudarstvennoy komissii po radiochastotam, soderzhashchikh obyazatel’nye trebovaniya, v otnoshenii kotorykh ne primenyayutsya polozheniya chastey 1, 2 i 3 st. 15 Federal’nogo zakona «Ob obyazatel’nykh trebovaniyakh v Rossiyskoy Federatsii” (Rules for conducting an examination of design documentation for the implementation of regional geological exploration of the subsoil, geological exploration of the subsoil, including prospecting and evaluation of mineral deposits, exploration of mineral deposits and the amount of payment for its implementation and on amendments to the list of regulatory legal acts and groups of regulatory legal acts of federal executive bodies, legal acts, individual provisions of legal acts, groups of legal acts of executive and administrative bodies of state power of the RSFSR and the USSR, decisions of the State Commission on Radio Frequencies containing mandatory requirements, in respect of which the provisions of Parts 1, 2 and 3 of Article 15 of the Federal Law “On Mandatory Requirements in the Russian Federation” do not apply).

4. Russian Government Resolution No. 2127 of November 30, 2021 “O poryadke podgotovki, soglasovaniya i utverzhdeniya tekhnicheskikh proektov razrabotki mestorozhdeniy poleznykh iskopaemykh, tekhnicheskikh proektov stroitel’stva i ekspluatatsii podzemnykh sooruzheniy, tekhnicheskikh proektov likvidatsii i konservatsii gornykh vyrabotok, burovykh skvazhin i inykh sooruzheniy, svyazannykh s pol’zovaniem nedrami, po vidam poleznykh iskopaemykh i vidam pol’zovaniya nedrami” (On the procedure for the preparation, coordination and approval of technical projects for the development of mineral deposits, technical projects for the construction and operation of underground structures, technical projects for the liquidation and conservation of mine workings, boreholes and other structures associated with the use of subsoil, by type of minerals and types of subsoil use).

5. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of
the Russian Federation No. 352 of June 14, 2016 “Pravila podgotovki proektnoy
dokumentatsii na provedenie geologicheskogo izucheniya nedr i razvedki
mestorozhdeniy poleznykh iskopaemykh po vidam poleznykh iskopaemykh” (Rules for
the preparation of design documentation for geological exploration of subsoil
and exploration of mineral deposits by type of minerals).

The existing methods for determining water cut of well production have limitations in the context of mature fields, justifying the development of a new approach that combines accessibility, simplicity, and high measurement accuracy. The article examines the impact of implementing improved water cut measurement technique on the current development status of the Samotlor field. The proposed solution differs from traditional methods by using a 2-liter glass flask (according to GOST 1770) for sample collection, followed by thermostating, settling, and calculation of the separated water volume and oil sample volume. The method, based on 2-liter flasks, enhanced the accuracy of water cut determination in high-water-cut wells, enabling precise assessment of well profitability and subsequent shutdown of the high-water-cut production unit. To prevent system imbalance and maintain production-injection balance during shutdown, a systematic approach was applied, involving analysis of interactions between production and injection wells and evaluation of injection efficiency. Shutting down 939 unprofitable production wells and 247 inefficient injection wells increased the group gathering efficiency factor

(oil production) from 0,77 to 0,98, reduced infrastructure load by 27 %, and lowered pressure in the oil gathering system (linear) by 0,35 MPa, while restoring reservoir pressure potential. Monitoring of implemented measures confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

References

1. Populova T.P., Identification of causes for decline in oil production due to increased water cut in mature fields (In Russ.), Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov, 2024, no. 6(152), pp. 42–58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2024-6-42-58

2. Gilaev R.G., Dorofeev A.V., Stepanov A.V. et al., Identification of causes for decline in oil production due to increased water cut in mature fields (In Russ.), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2024, no. 8, pp. 158–161, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/2076-6785-2024-8-158-161

3. GOST 31873-2012. Petroleum and petroleum products. Methods of manual sampling.

4. URL: https://saprd.ru/upload/files/2017-34745-12-1.pdf

5. Grechko A.G., Novikov A.I., Overview of subsea multiphase flow meters (In Russ.), Gazovaya promyshlennost’, 2019, no. S1(782), pp. 71-78.

6. Kim J., Capacitive sensors for water cut measurement, Sensors and Actuators A, Physical, 2017, V. 260, pp. 12–18.

7. Taylor R., Cost analysis of flow measurement equipment, Energy Economics, 2021, V. 45, pp. 67–75.

8. Zhang Y., Ultrasonic flow measurement in aggressive fluids, Ultrasonic, 2019, V. 91, pp. 123–130.

Predicting the risks of abnormally high formation pressure during the drilling of new wells is methodologically based on a comprehensive analysis of hydrodynamic reservoir modeling data, interpretation of production/injection logging test and integration of related geological and technological data. This approach is applicable when a large amount of reliable data is available. With low research coverage or its absence in problematic intervals, predicting high pressures in infill drilling zones becomes difficult. To improve the reliability of isobar maps construction for formation pressure determination in well drilling zones, the results of production/injection logging, geophysical, and well-testing (both conventional and «low-cost»), interpreted in the RN-VEGA software, were integrated into a 3D sector filtration model in the RN-KIM software. To assess high pressures in transit formations, additional parameters obtained during well drilling were taken into account, including drilling mud density at the moment of penetrating the interval of interest, direct measurements of excess pressure after perforating unopened intervals prior to well abandonment, and results of modeling of height of self-induced hydraulic fracturing in injection wells (auto-HF) in the RN-SIGMA software. Combining all field data into a single digital system based on the 3D filtration model in RN-KIM enabled to obtain pressure maps of productive and transit formations, which are used for planning infill drilling.

References

1. Ilamanov T., Annamyradov B., Myradova G., Forecasting abnormally high reservoir pressures in Miocene deposits of the Gogerendag-Ekerem zone of southwestern Turkmenistan (In Russ.), Simvol nauki, 2024, no. 3-1-2, pp. 13–16.

2. Kuliev G.G., Agaev Kh.B., Prognozirovanie anomal’no vysokikh plastovykh davleniy po uprugim parametram sredy Yuzhno-Kaspiyskoy vpadiny (Forecasting abnormally high reservoir pressures based on elastic parameters of the environment in the South Caspian Basin), AAPG, 2010,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.13900.46724

3. Tleuliev R.M., A set of studies necessary to identify areas of complications associated with abnormally high reservoir pressure (In Russ.), Geologiya, geografiya i global’naya energiya, 2010, no. 3(38), pp. 183–185.

4. Patent RU 2342526 RF. MPK E21B 47/06, E21B 45/00. Method of early recognition of abnormal reservoir pressure ARP in process of boring, Inventor:

Strugovets E.T.

5. Trofimchuk A.S., Khabibullin G.I., The research and prediction of abnormally high reservoir pressure at Prirazlomnoye oil field (In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft’”, 2016, no. 1, pp. 22–24.

6. Orekhov A.N., Amani Mangua Mark M., Studying the abnormal formation pressure zones by analyzing seismic field attributes on the example of Western Siberia deposits (In Russ.), Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov, 2020, V. 331, no. 5, pp. 46–56,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2020/5/2635

7. Ivashchenko D.S., Bobreneva Yu.O., Gimranov I.R. et al., Forecasting risks of overpressured zones by combining well tests, geomechanical and reservoir simulation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 6, pp. 66–70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-6-66-70

8. Asalkhuzina G.F., Mirzayanov A.A., Bikmetova A.R. et al., Reservoir modeling practice and field data generalization of the spontaneous growth of induced fractures researching in linear development system (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 7, pp. 46–50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-7-46-50

9. Davletova A.R., Fedorov A.I., Shchutskiy G.A., Risk analisys of self-induced hydraulic fracture growth in vertical plane (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 6, pp. 50–53, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-6-50-53

10. Davletbaev A.Ya., Asalkhuzina G.F., Urazov R.R., Sarapulova V.V., Gidrodinamicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin v nizkopronitsaemykh kollektorakh (Hydrodynamic studies of wells in low-permeability reservoirs), Novosibirsk: DOM MIRA Publ., 2023, 176 p.

11. Asalkhuzina G.F., Davletbaev A.Ya., Salakhov T.R. et al., Applying decline analysis for reservoir pressure determination (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 10, pp. 30–33, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-10-30-33

12. Gubaydullin M.R., Davletbaev A.Ya., Shtinov V.A. et al., Numerical study of spontaneous development of autohf crack in injection well (In Russ.), Vestnik Akademii nauk Respubliki Bashkortostan, 2022, no. 4(108), pp. 47–59, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1728-5283-2022-4-47-59

13. Urazov R.R., Akhmetova O.V., Davletbaev A.Ya. et al., Determination of the reservoir pressure dynamics based on multiwell deconvolution in low-permeability reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 4, pp. 93–97, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-4-93-97.

14. Sarapulova V.V., Davletbaev A.Ya., Kunafin A.F. et al., The RN-VEGA program complex for well test analysis and interpretation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 12, pp. 124–129, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-12-124-129

15. Tulenkov S.V., Shirokov A.S., Grandov D.V., Determination of bottomhole excess pressure limits for preventing formation fracturing and propagation fractur in NH-I formation of Suzunskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 8, pp. 42–46, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-8-42-46

Hydraulic fracturing is a technological process designed to enhance well productivity during the development of low-permeability, hard-to-recover reservoirs. Current trends in the oil and gas industry are characterized by increasing lengths of horizontal well sections, expanded scale of multi-stage hydraulic fracturing operations, and higher proppant mass per stage. In this context, ensuring adequate supply of propping agents to oil-producing facilities, combined with technical and economic optimization of hydraulic fracturing implementation costs, is a critical factor for maintaining hydrocarbon production profitability. One of the potential directions for reducing operational expenses is a partial replacement of ceramic proppants with alternative propping materials, including quartz sand. However, such substitution requires comprehensive analysis of multiple parameters, encompassing both physical-mechanical properties of the particles (strength, hardness) and filtration characteristics (permeability). Particular attention in this regard is focused on research of the abrasiveness of sand-based materials, which directly affects the wear intensity of downhole equipment and hydraulic fracturing fleet equipment. The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the abrasive properties of proppants using a specially designed experimental setup that enables laboratory-scale simulation of abrasive wear processes in high-pressure lines of hydraulic fracturing fleets, as well as formalization of technical solutions required for conducting such experiments.

References

1. Safiullin I.R., Rakhmatullin A.A., Gil’manova R.Kh. et al., Improvement of the method for evaluating the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing technology based on the analysis of wells operation technological parameters (In Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2022, no. 2(362), pp. 56-59, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/2413-5011-2022-2(362)-56-59

2. Miroshnichenko A.V., Sergeychev A.V., Korotovskikh V.A. et al., Innovative technologies for the low-permeability reservoirs development in Rosneft Oil Company

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 12, pp. 105-109, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-12-105-109

3. ASTM Standard G76. Standard test method for conducting erosion tests by solid particle impingement using gas jets, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1520/G0076-18

4. ASTM Standard G73. Standard test method for liquid impingement erosion using rotating apparatus, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1520/G0073-10R21

5. ASTM Standard G134. Standard test method for erosion of solid materials by cavitating liquid jet, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2023,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1520/G0134-17R23

6. ASTM Standard G75. Standard Test Method for determination of slurry abrasivity (Miller Number) and slurry abrasion response of materials (SAR Number), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1520/G0075-15R21

7. Rosenberg S.J., The resistance of steels to abrasion by sand, Bureau of Standards Journal of Research, 1930, V. 5, no. 3, pp. 553–574,

URL: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/jres/5/jresv5n3p553_A2b.pdf

8. Sadykov A.M., Kapishev D.Yu., Erastov S.A. et al., Innovative hydraulic fracturing designs and recommendations for putting wells into production in conditions of ultra-low-permeability reservoirs on the example of the Erginsky license block of the Priobskoye field (In Russ.), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2022, no. 7(92), pp. 80-85,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/2076-6785-2022-7-80-85

9. Vincent M.C., Miller H.B., Milton-Tayler D., Kaufman P.B., Erosion by proppant: A comparison of the erosivity of sand and ceramic proppants during slurry injection and flowback of proppant, SPE-90604-MS, 2004, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/90604-MS

10. Clark H.M., The influence of the flow field in slurry erosion, Wear, 1992, V. 152, no. 2, pp. 223–240, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(92)90122-o

Since 2013, Rosneft Oil Company has been developing the low-permeability Urengoy gas condensate field in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. The development of low-permeability reservoirs without creating a system of artificial cracks is currently unprofitable. In the presence of abnormally high reservoir pressure, the development of low-permeability reservoirs becomes more complicated, the permeability and conductivity of the created crack decrease, and the proppant indentation increases compared to a similar low-permeability reservoir without abnormally high reservoir pressure. This shall lead to the need for secondary hydraulic fracturing under conditions of changed reservoir pressure. Currently, there are a large number of techniques and tools that enable to select candidates for geological and technical actions, including hydraulic fracturing, there is high-tech software that enables to simulate hydraulic fracturing designs, and digital services are being developed for planning, preparing and conducting hydraulic fracturing. Rosneft Oil Company pays attention to further improving the planning processes and application of hydraulic fracturing technology. The article considers an approach to determining the optimal time for re-hydraulic fracturing on low-permeability reservoirs, which shall maximize the effect of secondary hydraulic fracturing. Using the example of the actual data of a well operating at a low-permeability facility with an abnormally high reservoir pressure, the optimal time for re-hydraulic fracturing is calculated.

References

1. Kharlamova D.I., Kharlamov K.A., Ganiev Sh.R., Development of a smart tool for operational assessment of oil field development system effectiveness (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 7, pp. 116–120, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-7-116-120

2. Kashapov A.A., Kulushev M.M., Rodionova I.I. et al., Experience in the development of low-permeable terrigenous reservoirs of Gorshkovskaya area of Priobskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 4, pp. 72–75, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-4-72-75

3. Ramazanov R.R., Kharlamov K.A., Letko I.I., Martsenyuk R.A., Efficiency analysis of geological and technical measures (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 6, pp. 62–65, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-6-62-65

4. Azbukhanov A.F., Kostrigin I.V., Bondarenko K.A. et al., Selection of wells for hydraulic fracturing based on mathematical modeling using machine learning methods

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 11, pp. 38–43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-11-38-42

5. Aksakov A.V., Borshchuk O.S., Zheltova I.S. et al., Corporate fracturing simulator: From a mathematical model to the software development (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2016, no. 11, pp. 35–40.

6. Akhtyamov A.A., Makeev G.A., Baydyukov K.N. et al., Corporate fracturing simulator RN-GRID: from software development to in-field implementation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2018, no. 5, pp. 94–97, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2018-5-94-97

7. Pityuk Yu.A., Zakir’yanov I.Sh., Makhota N.A. et al., Digitalization of hydraulic fracturing processes (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 11,

pp. 47–52, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-11-47-52

8. Economides M., Oligney R., Valko P., Unified fracture design. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, Orsa Press, Alvin, Texas, 2002, 262 p.

The article shows the analysis of the use of 2A-size electric submersible pump units (slim ESPs) in horizontal and sidetracked wells in Rosneft Oil Company. The use of slim ESPs is particularly relevant under specific conditions of narrowed wellbore cross-section caused by geological-physical factors, technological challenges, or operational complications. One of the target areas for using the 2A-size ESP pumps is to increase oil production by using submersible pumping equipment in sidetracked and horizontal wellbores, improving the efficiency of wells with small production string diameters, and transferring them to the category of profitable ones. Calculations at the fields of one of the subsidiary companies show the possibility of increasing the depth of launching the 2A-size ESP, the potential bottomhole pressure reduction and the corresponding oil flow rate increase. The main technical restrictions and operating features of the slim ESPs were identified, due to the inclination angle, the well curvature intensity, the shaft rotation speed, and conditions affecting the equipment reliability. The analysis results, along with the engineering solutions developed and an estimate of potential production gains form the basis for improving oil production efficiency from horizontal and sidetracked wells, as well as for updating operational guidelines and the Rosneft Oil Company’s technical standards.

References

1. Slepchenko S.D., Innovations for Samotlor (In Russ.), Neftegazovaya vertikal’, 2015, no. 11, pp. 14–16.

2. Akopyan B., Svidersky S., Liron E. et al., Development and application of small ESP’S for efficient development of remaining reserves in poorly drained parts of reservoirs of Samotlor field, SPE-162006-MS, 2012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/162006-MS

3. Alghamdi A., Rivera L., Leon J., Advancements in slim deep-set ESP packers and high rate slim ESP technology, Proceedings of International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2023, V. 3, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2523/IPTC-22785-EA

4. Nesterov S., Zamesin E., Repin V. et al., Ultra slim ESP – Extending ESP application, SPE-221534-MS, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/221534-MS

5. Chmutov D.P., Analiz effektivnosti primeneniya mul’tifaznykh sektsiy dlya bor’by s vliyaniem gaza na stabil’nuyu rabotu UETsN malykh gabaritov (2A, 3) (Analysis of the efficiency of using multiphase sections to combat the influence of gas on the stable operation of small-sized ESPs (2A, 3)), Collected papers “Opyt, aktual’nye problemy i perspektivy razvitiya neftegazovogo kompleksa” (Experience, current problems and development prospects of the oil and gas complex), Proceedings of All-Russian scientific and practical conference of students, postgraduates and scientists dedicated to the 35th anniversary of the TIU branch in Nizhnevartovsk, Nizhnevartovsk, 28 April 2016, – Nizhnevartovsk: Publ. of Industrial University of Tyumen, 2016. – pp. 118-124.

6. Degovtsov A.V., Sokolov N.N., Ivanovskiy A.V. et al., On the influence of the pumped liquid viscosity on the complex characteristics of small-sized stages of electric submersible pumps with open impellers (In Russ.), Territoriya Neftegaz, 2018, no. 1–2, pp. 54–60.

7. Lunin D.A., Minchenko D.A., Noskov A.B. et al., Technologies applicability matrix for protecting production wells from the complicating factors negative impact

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 6, pp. 74–77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-6-74-77

8. Kuz'min M.I., Verbitskiy V.S., Khabibullin R.A. et al., Analysis of oil wells operation parameters and modes effects on electric submersible pumps reliability (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 12, pp. 106–111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-12-106-111

9. Yakimov S.B., Aggressiveness index of carried-over particles at TNK-BP fields in Western Siberia (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2008, no. 9, pp. 33–39.

The problems of oil treatment can be called a paradox, because the causes of their occurrence are known, nevertheless they are not finally solved and continue to cause difficulties at almost every oil treatment facility. It is well known about the acid emulsions formed upon contact with acid compositions, the effect of polymers and mechanical impurities of various origins on the stabilization of the emulsion, however, no typical technological solutions have been developed to reduce the influence of these factors. There is also no unified approach to assessing the degree of emulsion complexity in the oil gathering and treatment systems. As a part of monitoring the current state of the oil gathering and treatment system of the oil fields, numerous studies of fluids are performed. A large array of indicators of oil and water quality which were collected over a long period of time can be constructively used with proper systematization, as well as visualization. A new tool was proposed to organize the effective processing of the results of the analysis of fluids - the emulsion map. The degree of emulsion complexity in the oil treatment system was assessed, problematic areas were identified, and ways to optimize them were proposed using the example of the Gremikha oil field of Udmurtneft named after V.I. Kudinov PJSC. The diagnostic tool, the emulsion map has a high potential for use in the field facilities of oil production companies and can be adapted to the specific conditions of oil fields.

References

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2. Zabbarov R.R., Khusnutdinov I.Sh., Khanova A.G., Destruction of highly stable emulsions by a combined method (In Russ.), Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta, 2011, no. 9, pp. 222–223.

3. Tyugaeva E.S., Dolomatov M.Yu., Reasons of stable oil emulsion formation and methods of their demulsification (In Russ.), Universum: tekhnicheskie nauki, 2017,

no. 4(37), pp. 64–69.

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5. Tsyganov D.G., Bashkirtseva N.Yu., Study of the composition and properties of the intermediate emulsion layer at the UPDW “Kamennoe” (In Russ.), Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta, 2014, V. 17, no. 10, pp. 212–215.

6. Kolevatov A.N., Fot K.S., Baryshev N.A., On the solubilization effect as a key factor in the cluster discharge of associated produced water (In Russ.), PROneft’.

Professional’no o nefti = PROneft. Professionally about Oil, 2024, no. 2, pp. 75–83.

A systematic approach of Rosneft Oil Company to refining technological furnaces’ efficiency increase is described, encompassing organizational and technical measures. A key component of this approach is the organization of regular mode-adjustment tests enabling furnace operation monitoring, identifying and correcting deviations from optimal technological parameters, as well as a set of technical activities for increasing the efficiency of the equipment during repairs implementation. Individual mode maps and regulation algorithms were developed for more than 450 furnaces, considering fuel types and technological features, resulting in efficiency increase of up to 6 % above the initial level depending on the type of the equipment. An important aspect is the identification and replication of best practices for optimal furnace operation modes maintaining. Organizational and technical solutions such as fine-tuning of the fuel-air ratio, ensuring the tightness of the refractory sealing, changing the placement of steam and fuel oil collectors, burner replacements with modern models and periodic «on mode» cleaning of coils ensure maximum furnace efficiency sustain throughout the entire operational interval between overhauls. Special attention is given to implementing digital technologies for automating data collection, creating databases of effective modes and best practices, real-time deviation monitoring, and decision support systems. Future development of furnaces efficiency prospects include advanced big data tools for predictive analytics and proactive performance management application.

References

1. Energeticheskaya strategiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii na period do 2035 goda (Energy strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2035),

URL: https://minenergo.gov.ru/node/1026

2. Kolodin V.S., Davydova G.V., Issues of modernization of oil refining industry in Russia under sanction pressure (In Russ.), Baikal Research Journal, 2022, V. 13, no. 2, p. 19, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17150/2411-6262.2022.13(2).19

3. Katin V.D., Zhuravlev A.A., On the issue of interchangeability of oil refinery fuel gases used in tubular process furnaces (In Russ.), Collected papers “Sistema znaniy: voprosy teorii i praktiki” (Knowledge system: issues of theory and practice), 2022, pp. 230–233.

4. Fedyanin B.A., Shevelev Yu.V., Lenkevich D.A., Dubinskiy M.Yu., An Integral Efficiency System as a result of Rosneft’s Oil Company refining and petrochemical operational efficiency improvement decade (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 11, pp. 64–67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-11-64-67

Based on the requirements specified in the previous publication dedicated to the forming of a modern third generation production safety system, its structure was developed, which includes 5 main elements: № 1 «Model», № 2 «Control», № 3 «Monitoring and Forecast», № 4 «Action» and № 5 «Culture». The third generation security system is the successor of the previous generation systems «0», «1» and «2», which were based on natural self-preservation instincts of workers, supervisory and prescriptive regulation, risks assessment, analysis and management. The goal of the third generation security system is to eliminate the gaps of the previous systems, due to which it is extremely problematic to completely eliminate (prevent) severe and fatal injuries to personnel and third parties at production facilities, as well as accidents at industrial sites and/or such work requires significant additional costs for materials, equipment and additional qualified personnel. The main system elements are defined based on the analysis of public statistics on the injury and accident rate root causes, as well as accidents internal investigations and analysis of efficiency measures to ensure production safety conducted by Rosneft Oil Company specialists. The implemented work resulted in the formulation of the main elements functions for the third generation production safety system.

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2. Anfimov M.V., Dias M.A., Sivokon’ I.S., Industrial safety systems (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 9, pp. 118–124,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-9-118-124

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Currently, the use of classical approaches to identify reservoirs in the Bazhenov formation is an urgent and time-consuming task based on well log data. The main problem is the absence, on an ongoing basis, of direct qualitative signs on well logs indicating the presence of mud filtrate penetration into the well wall. Therefore, various quantitative boundary criteria, such as porosity, shale content, organic matter content, and rock mechanical properties (brittleness), are used to identify effective thicknesses from well logs in interval of the Bazhenov formation. Porosity in the Bazhenov interval, for example, is predicted from various logging methods. Taking into account the high lithological heterogeneity of the rocks under consideration, as well as the type and properties of the organic matter contained in the rock, it is very difficult to take a detailed account of the influence of these factors on the assessment of porosity according to standard log data (density, neutron and acoustic methods). In order to minimize the impact of the previously mentioned factors on the porosity forecast, it seems logical to use nuclear magnetic logging data as the most independent method. At the same time, the porosity values obtained from nuclear magnetic logging data should be monitored by comparing them with the porosity values obtained from laboratory core studies, which is a non-trivial task taking into account the changes that the core of the Bazhenov formation undergoes during sampling and lifting from the well to the surface.

References

1. Glotov A.V. et al., Saturation of rocks of the Bazhenov formation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 3, pp. 28–33,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-3-28-33

2. Neskoromnykh V.V., Razrushenie gornykh porod pri provedenii geologorazvedochnykh rabot (Destruction of rocks during geological exploration), Krasnoyarsk: Publ. of Siberian Federal University, 2015, 396 p.

The Devonian terrigenous strata the Pashiysky horizon in particular of the Republic of Bashkortostan has long remained the main complex for oil production, which is of significant interest to Rosneft Oil Company. However, even with such a high level of study, there remain marginal sections of structures and exploration areas, are poorly covered by exploratory and exploration drilling, which may be of interest for research. This publication summarizes the results of applying the classification of reservoirs of terrigenous Devonian deposits. Differentiation of reservoirs by type based on a combination of core data and geophysical research methods enables more detailed analysis of research materials, which influences the choice of the optimal development system, which corresponds to modern approaches used by Rosneft Oil Company in the regions of its operations. It takes into account the structural features and filtration-capacity characteristics of both clean and clay reservoirs and enables to develop more advanced dependencies for determining the oil and gas saturation of productive formations. Comparison of the filtration-capacity properties of the «T» field with the results of petrophysical typification of terrigenous Devonian deposits showed that the use of the obtained dependencies when recalculating reserves can lead to their increase and an increase in the accuracy of the forecast of the filtration properties of reservoirs. For Rosneft Oil Company, this is of particular importance in the development of mature fields. The proposed methodological approaches can be used for fields with similar geological conditions, both in Bashkortostan and in other regions.

References

1. Kotyakhov F.I., Kompleks issledovaniy neftegazonosnykh porod dlya podscheta zapasov nefti i gaza ob”emnym metodom (A set of studies of oil and gas-bearing rocks for calculating oil and gas reserves using the volumetric method), Collected papers “Voprosy sovershenstvovaniya metodiki podscheta zapasov nefti i gaza” (Issues of improving the methodology for calculating oil and gas reserves), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 1972, pp. 35–54.

2. OMP № 22/83. Opytno-metodicheskie raboty po sovershenstvovaniyu interpretatsii rezul’tatov skvazhinnykh izmereniy v razvedochnykh skvazhinakh Bashkirii (Experimental and methodological work to improve the interpretation of borehole measurement results in exploratory wells in Bashkiria), Authors: Zagidullina F.G. et al., Ufa, 1984, 187 p.

3. OMP 22/87. Opytno-metodicheskie raboty po sovershenstvovaniyu interpretatsii rezul’tatov skvazhinnykh izmereniy v razvedochnykh skvazhinakh (Experimental and methodological work to improve the interpretation of borehole measurement results in exploratory wells), Authors: Zagidullina F.G. et al., Ufa, 1988, 182 p.

4. Vendel’shteyn B.Yu., Issledovanie razrezov neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhin metodom sobstvennykh potentsialov (Research of sections of oil and gas wells by the method of intrinsic potentials), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1966, 206 p.

5. Larionov V.V., Mancheva N.V., Evaluation of porosity coefficients of clay-filled reservoirs based on well radiometry data (In Russ.), Proceedings of Gubkin Institute, 1969, V. 89, pp. 139-146.

6. Konyukhov A.I., Kotel’nikov D.D., Glinistye mineraly osadochnykh porod (Clay minerals of sedimentary rocks). Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1986, 247 p.

7. Teodorovich G.I., Autigennye mineraly osadochnykh porod (Authigenic minerals of sedimentary rocks), Moscow: Publ. of USSR AS, 1958, 226 p.

8. Khanin A.A., Porody-kollektory nefti i gaza neftegazonosnykh provintsiy SSSR (Reservoir rocks of oil and gas of the USSR petroliferous provinces), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1969, 368 p.

9. Ivanova M.M., Dement’ev L.F., Cholovskiy I.P., Neftegazopromyslovaya geologiya i geologicheskie osnovy razrabotki mestorozhdeniy nefti i gaza (Oil and gas field geology and geological bases of oil and gas fields development), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1985, 422 p.

10. Danilova T.E., Atlas porod osnovnykh neftenosnykh gorizontov paleozoya Respubliki Tatarstan. Terrigennye porody devona i nizhnego karbona (Atlas of rocks of the main oil-bearing horizons of Paleozoic of the Republic of Tatarstan. Terrigenous rocks of Devonian and Lower Carboniferous), Kazan’: Pluton Publ., 2008, 437 p.

11. Baymukhametov K.S., Viktorov P.F., Gaynullin K.Kh., Syrtlanov A.Sh., Geologicheskoe stroenie i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy Bashkortostana (Geological structure and development of Bashkortostan oil and gas fields), Ufa: Publ. of RITs ANK Bashneft’, 1997, 422 p.

12. Bulgakov R.B., Territorial’noe rayonirovanie petrofizicheskikh svyazey produktivnykh paleozoyskikh otlozheniy (Territorial zoning of petrophysical relationships of productive Paleozoic deposits), Ufa: Publ. of RITs Bashneftegeofizika, 2007, 250 p.

13. Ovanesov G.P., Formirovanie zalezhey nefti i gaza v Bashkirii, ikh klassifikatsiya i metody poiskov (Formation of oil and gas deposits in Bashkiria, its classification and search methods), Moscow: Gostoptekhizdat Publ., 1962, 296 p.

14. Khusainova A.M., Gubaydullina A.A., Burikova T.V. et al., Reservoir classification based on petrophysical properties of Devonian siliciclastic sediments, Russian Platform, Republic of Bashkortostan (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2018, no. 4, pp. 22–25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2018-4-22-25

Recently, much attention has been paid in the specialized literature to the comprehensive study of seismic survey data, drilling data and geophysical well logging using various methodological approaches. Large-scale work is being carried out to study the features of the geological structure of productive sediments and create detailed paleofacial models of hydrocarbon deposits based on them. Increased requirements are also imposed on the assessment of the initial geological reserves of hydrocarbons. They are constantly being formed in the process of finding solutions for the increasingly complex tasks of studying hydrocarbon deposits associated with complex reservoir rocks of different genesis. At the moment, it is necessary to proceed to a differentiated calculation of the initial geological reserves of hydrocarbons using the results of paleofacial analysis, which shall enable a new approach to both assessing the oil and gas potential of individual deposit zones and planning the sequence of drilling of various zones of productive sediment and their subsequent active development. The article demonstrates an example of calculating initial geological oil reserves using this methodological approach for a Middle Jurassic reservoir in one of the fields of the West Siberian oil and gas basin (with a differentiated assessment based on identified paleofacial sediment complexes).

References

1. Podschet zapasov i otsenka resursov nefti i gaza: Metodicheskie ukazaniya k laboratornym rabotam dlya studentov spetsial’nosti 21.05.02 (Estimation of Reserves and Resource Assessment of Oil and Gas: Guidelines for Laboratory Work for Students Majoring 21.05.02), compilers: Prishchepa O.M., Rodina T.V., Nefedov Yu.V.,

St. Petersburg: Publ. of Saint Petersburg Mining University, 2020, 56 p.

2. Kontorovich A.E., Kontorovich V.A., Ryzhkova S.V. et al., Jurassic paleogeography of the West Siberian sedimentary basin (In Russ.), Geologiya i geofizika = Russian Geology and Geophysics, 2013, V. 54, no. 8, pp. 972–1012.

3. Shimanskiy V.V., Taninskaya N.V., Nizyaeva I.S. et al., Paleogeographic reconstructions of Jurassic strata of Western Siberia (In Russ.), Neftegazovaya geologiya. Teoriya i praktika, 2024, V. 19, no. 1.

4. Shimanskiy V.V. et al., Paleogeografiya yury i nizhnego mela Zapadno-Sibirskoy neftegazonosnoy provintsii (Paleogeography of the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of the West Siberian oil and gas province), Part 1, St. Petersburg: Renome Publ., 2023, 227 p.

5. Alekseev V.P., Atlas fatsiy yurskikh terrigennykh otlozheniy (uglenosnye tolshchi Severnoy Evrazii) (Atlas of Jurassic clastic sediments facies (coal-bearing strata of Northern Eurasia)), Ekaterinburg: Publ. of USGU, 2007, 209 p.

6. Shimanskiy V.V. et al., Paleogeografiya yury i nizhnego mela Zapadno-Sibirskoy neftegazonosnoy provintsii (Paleogeography of the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of the West Siberian oil and gas province), Part 2. Atlas fatsiy yurskikh i nizhnemelovykh terrigennykh otlozheniy (Atlas of facies of Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous terrigenous deposits), St. Petersburg: Renome Publ., 2023, 252 p.

7. Muromtsev V.S., Elektrometricheskaya geologiya peschanykh tel – litologicheskikh lovushek nefti i gaza (Electrometric geology of sand bodies - lithological traps of oil and gas), Leningrad: Nedra Publ., 1984, 260 p.

8. Safiullin I.R., Makhmutov A.A., Minnullin A.G. et al., A method of construction of productive formations’’ paleo-facial model by GIS data automated processing

(In Russ.), Avtomatizatsiya, telemekhanizatsiya i svyaz’ v neftyanoy promyshlennosti i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2017, no. 5, pp. 16–19.

9. Nezhdanov A.A., Geologicheskaya interpretatsiya seysmorazvedochnykh dannykh (Geological interpretation of seismic data), Tyumen: Publ. of Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, 2017, 171 p.

10. Ol’neva T.V., Seysmofatsial’nyy analiz. Obrazy geologicheskikh protsessov i yavleniy v seysmicheskom izobrazhenii (Seismic facies analysis. Images of geological processes and phenomena in seismic images), Moscow – Izhevsk: Publ. of Institute of Computer Research, 2017, 152 p.

11. Ukhlova G.D., Solomatin V.V., Shtifanova L.I., Chernysheva T.I., Seysmofatsial’nyy analiz i vozmozhnosti prognozirovaniya litotipov porod po dannym seysmorazvedki (Seismic facies analysis and the possibility of predicting rock lithotypes using seismic exploration data), Proceedings of VII All-Russian Lithological Conference “Osadochnye basseyny, sedimentatsionnye i postsedimentatsionnye protsessy v geologicheskoy istorii” (Sedimentary basins, sedimentation and post-sedimentation processes in geological history), Novosibirsk, 28–31 October 2013, Novosibirsk: Publ. of INGG SO RAN, 2013, Part 3, pp. 227–230.

12. Sheshukova A.M., Smirnova E.V., Vasyanina S.V., Experience in seismic facies analysis application during prospecting and exploration (In Russ.), Izvestiya vuzov. Neft’ i gaz, 2024, no. 3, pp. 58–72, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2024-3-58-72

13. Generalenko O.S., Shelepov I.V., Ermakova O.E. et al., Integrated approach to the construction of geological models based on facies analysis (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2024, V. 26, no. 3, pp. 33–42, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2024.3.5

14. Ol’neva T.V., Ovechkina V.Yu., Zhukovskaya E.A., Computer modeling of terrigenous sedimentation as a new tool for prediction of hydrocarbon reservoir architecture (In Russ.), PROneft’. Professional’no o nefti, 2020, no. 2, pp. 12–17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S2587739920020019

15. Ol’neva T.V., Zhukovskaya E.A., Oreshkova M.Yu., Kuz’min D.A., Diagnostics of morphogenetic types of paleochannels on the basis of parameterization of seismic images (In Russ.), Geofizika, 2022, no. 2, pp. 17–25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.34926/geo.2022.84.60.001

16. Ol’neva T.V., Egorov A.S., Oreshkova M.Yu., Improvement of seismic image in interpretation stage for the purposes of seismic facies analysis (In Russ.), Geologiya nefti i gaza, 2023, no. 6, pp. 81–95, DOI: https://doi.org/10.47148/0016-7894-2023-6-81-95

The article presents the experience of implementing multi-stage hydraulic fracturing (MSHF) at the offshore fields of Vietsovpetro JV. The necessity of implementing the technology in Upper Oligocene terrigenous reservoirs, characterized by high compartmentalization, low permeability and significant lithological heterogeneity, which significantly limits the effectiveness of traditional production intensification methods, is substantiated. It was proved that traditional hydraulic fracturing in one stage does not provide sufficient coverage of productive intervals and uniform drainage of the formation, which led to a transition to multi-stage treatments that enable to increase the degree of formations involved into development and stabilize the flow rates. The key factors in selecting the technology, design solutions for the layout with frac-ports, and the results of laboratory studies of soluble balls, are considered. The experience of performing MSHF using a 114 mm diameter liner for a 178 mm production casing and testing an 89 mm diameter liner for a 140 mm production casing is presented. The obtained results confirm the high technological efficiency of the method, the reliability of the equipment and the stability of the technological process. Areas for further improvement of the technology are outlined, including design optimization, expansion of the scope of application to wells with smaller diameters, and the development of solutions for increased reservoir pressure conditions. The implementation of these measures shall improve the efficiency of developing hard-to-recover reserves and ensure the further development of MSHF technologies in offshore conditions.

References

1. Klevtsov A.S., Grishchenko E.N., Balenko P.S. et al., Features of hydraulic fracturing planning and implementation while developing the low permeable highly dissected Oligocene reservoirs of Vietnam offshore fields (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 9, pp. 114-118, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-9-114-118.

2. Karimov A.F., Lubnin A.A., Savin A.V. et al., Prospective directions for hydraulic fracturing development at Zarubezhneft JSC assets (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 9, pp. 36-40, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-9-36-40.

The article covers the topic of the first Russian testing complex for hydraulic fracturing fleets. The development of Russia's fuel and energy complex is directly linked to the exploitation of hard-to-recover reserves. The share of such reserves is steadily growing in the overall balance. The key tool for their development is the use of hydraulic fracturing technology. However, more than 60 % of current and prospective oil production in Russia still relies on imported equipment. Tens of thousands of operations are conducted annually at the country's fields, with the efficiency of each operation affecting the state's energy stability. Therefore, creating a domestic fleet of hydraulic fracturing units is a priority task for the national engineering industry. A crucial element in achieving this goal is conducting comprehensive testing, certification, and validation of new domestic equipment. The creation of a modern testing stand for hydraulic fracturing units shall enable over 100 tests per year, reduce the implementation time of new units by 30 %, and increase their reliability during field commissioning by 40 %. The project's implementation shall potentially contribute to achieving technological sovereignty, ensure independence of domestic production from foreign components, and guarantee a 5–7 % increase in production at mature fields.

References

1. Zhdaneyev O.V., Assessment of product localization during the import substitution in the fuel and energy sector (In Russ.), Ekonomika regiona, 2022, V. 18, no. 3,

pp. 770–786, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2022-3-11

2. Kanevskaya R.D., Application of hydraulic fracturing for oil production stimulation and oil recovery increase (In Russ.), Neftyanoye khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2002, no. 5, pp. 96–100.

3. Shurygin V.A., Kovshov I.V., Titan-barrikady: Diversification and import substitution (In Russ.), Gazovaya promyshlennost′, 2019, no. 10(791), pp. 42–44.

4. Zhdaneyev O.V., Target scheme of interaction between the defense industry and the fuel and energy complex (In Russ.), Energeticheskaya politika, 2021, no. 4(158), pp. 54-71, DOI: https://doi.org/10.46920/2409-5516_2021_4158_54

5. Al Salmi H., Al Shueili A., Jaboob M., Al Qassabi M., Hydraulic fracturing QA QC indispensable to delivering both a successful and economic fracture program,

SPE-211337-MS, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/211337-MS

6. Baydyukov K.N., Bravkov P.V., Zhdaneyev O.V., Kononenko V.A., On priority directions of development of GRP technologies in Russia (In Russ.), Razvedka i okhrana nedr, 2020, no. 11, pp. 49–57.

7. Kovshov I.V., Novikov V.V., Ispytaniya SAU (Testing of self-propelled guns), Vologda: Infra-Inzheneriya Publ., 2023, 196 p.

8. Zhdaneyev O.V., Zaytsev A.V., Lobankov V.M., Frolov K.N., The concept of testing downhole equipment (In Russ.), Nedropol′zovaniye XXI vek, 2021, no. 1–2(90),

pp. 4–15.

9. Shurygin V.A., Serov V.A., Kovshov I.V., Ustinov S.A., Mobile advanced Russian hydro-fracturing fleet control and monitoring systems used to treat oil and gas reservoirs (In Russ.), Neft′. Gaz. Novatsii, 2022, no. 2(255), pp. 19–23.

10. Patent RU2775839C1. Method for injecting a mixture into an oil and gas well and a set of equipment - hydraulic fracturing fleet according to this method, Inventors: Avrushkin E.V., Bravkov P.V., Doga P.V. et al.

11. Panagiotis D., Fusselman S., A new concept of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in Permian Basin. Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as re-stimulation agent in unconventional, multi-fractured horizontal wells, SPE-223521-MS, 2025, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/223521-MS

The article under consideration presents an approach to account for the impact of hydraulic fracture contamination on well production performance. Application of this approach enhances the predictive accuracy of hydrodynamic models through refinement of the fracture's flow characteristics. Following hydraulic fracturing operations, during well cleanup and production, the fracturing gel is not entirely removed from the fracture, reducing the pore volume of the proppant pack and consequently decreasing its permeability. The presence of residual gel (gel contamination factor) arises from increased polymer concentration within the fracture due to fluid filtration (fracturing gel dehydration) into the formation during the hydraulic fracturing operation. The increase in polymer concentration was calculated using a concentration factor which is the ratio of injected fluid volume to its final volume within the fracture, calculated per grid cell in the «RN-GRID» hydraulic fracturing simulator. In subsequent hydrodynamic simulator calculations aimed at assessing well productivity, the fracturing gel was modeled as a non-Newtonian fluid exhibiting yield stress behavior. This approach enables high-accuracy modeling of fracture contamination and its cleanup dynamics. Simulation results demonstrated that applying this methodology ensures alignment between actual and predicted well performance. Further model development will incorporate the effects of reverse flow and mechanical degradation of polymers.

References

1. Shel E., Paderin G., Kabanova P., Retrospective analysis of hydrofracturing with the dimensionless parameters: comparing design and transient tests, SPE-191707-18RPTC-MS, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/191707-18rptc-ms

2. Safiullin I.R., Rakhmatullin A.A., Gil’manova R.Kh. et al., Improvement of the method for evaluating the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing technology based on the analysis of wells operation technological parameters (In Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2022, no. 2(362), pp. 56-59, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/2413-5011-2022-2(362)-56-59

3. Miroshnichenko A.V., Sergeychev A.V., Korotovskikh V.A. et al., Innovative technologies for the low-permeability reservoirs development in Rosneft Oil Company (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 12, pp. 105-109, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-12-105-109

4. Cooke C.E., Effect of fracturing fluids on fracture conductivity, Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1975, V. 27, no. 11, pp. 1273–1282, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/5114-PA

5. Samuelson M.L., Constien V.G., Effects of high temperature on polymer degradation and cleanup, SPE-36495-MS, 1996, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/36495-MS

6. Pope D.S., Leung L.K., Gulbis J., Constien V.G., Effects of viscous fingering on fracture conductivity, SPE-28511-PA, 1996, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/28511-PA

7. Economides M., Oligney R., Valko P., Unified fracture design. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, Orsa Press, Alvin, Texas, 2002, 262 p.

8. Naukoemkoe programmnoe obespechenie (High-tech software), URL: https://nauka.rosneft.ru/tech/inzhenernoe-programmnoe-obespechenie/

The article considers the possibilities of resuming the implementation of simultaneous water-gas (SWAG) treatment at the Rechitsa oil field of Belorusneft using pump-ejector systems, as well as flue and flare gases of the Belarusian Gas Processing Plant (BGPP). Since Belorusneft utilizes almost all associated petroleum gas, and most of it goes to BGPP, it is advisable to use flue and flare gases of BGPP as a working agent to resume work on SWAG injection, which is located near the Rechitsa oil field. This enables to organize SWAG injection at the Rechitsa field with minimal costs. It is necessary to install a medium-pressure compressor at BGPP, as well as to lay a gas pipeline from the compressor to the oil field, where the pumping station of the flooding system is located. A pump-ejector system should be installed at the field, connecting the ejector nozzle to the discharge line of the flooding pump, the ejector receiving chamber to the gas pipeline from the compressor, and the outlet to the water pipes to the injection wells. The use of foaming surfactants enables to increase the stability of water-gas mixtures, expand the operating area of the booster pump, and also use the synergistic effect of increasing oil recovery while simultaneously reducing the carbon footprint by reducing industrial gas emissions into the atmosphere.

References

1. Povzhik P.P., Dem’yanenko N.A., Sistemno-adresnyy podkhod k razrabotke, planirovaniyu i vnedreniyu tekhnologiy aktivizatsii dobychi trudnoizvlekaemykh i netraditsionnykh zapasov nefti na mestorozhdeniyakh Pripyatskogo progiba (A system-based approach to the development, planning and implementation of technologies for enhancing the production of hard-to-recover and unconventional oil reserves in the Pripyat Trough fields), Minsk: Chetyre chetverti Publ., 2023, 296 p.

2. Povzhik P.P., Kudryashov A.A., Medvedev K.Yu., Perspektivy primeneniya gazovykh metodov s tsel’yu povysheniya koeffitsienta izvlecheniya nefti na mestorozhdeniyakh RUP “PO “Belorusneft’” (Prospects for the application of gas methods to increase the oil recovery factor at the fields of the Belorusneft), Collected papers “Effektivnye tekhnologii razrabotki zalezhey uglevodorodov” (Effective technologies for developing hydrocarbon deposits), Proceedings of international scientific and practical conference (Rechitsa, 1-4 October 2013), Gomel’, 2013, pp. 34–36.

3. Grimus S.I., Features of formation of structure of a filtrational stream in the top part of a cut reservoir oil deposits at water gas influence (In Russ.), SOCAR Proceedings, 2010, no. 3, pp. 24–28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5510/OGP20100300030

4. Medvedev K.Yu., Povzhik P.P., Kudryashov A.A., Prospects for the application of gas methods to increase oil recovery (In Russ.), Inzhenernaya praktika, 2013, no. 8, pp. 92–97.

5. Bannyy V.A., Lymar’ I.V., Khod’kov E.N., Tishkov A.A., Evaluation of the effectiveness of water-gas treatment on low-permeability reservoir models under laboratory conditions (In Russ.), Inzhenernaya praktika, 2013, no. 8, pp. 104–105.

6. Kudryashov A.A., Rezul’taty opytnogo vnedreniya vodogazovogo vozdeystviya na mestorozhdeniyakh Respubliki Belarus’ (Results of pilot implementation of water-gas treatment at oil fields in the Republic of Belarus), Collected papers “Effektivnye tekhnologii razrabotki zalezhey uglevodorodov” (Effective technologies for developing hydrocarbon deposits), Proceedings of international scientific and practical conference (Rechitsa, 1-4 October 2013), Gomel’, 2013, pp. 58–64.

7. Drozdov A.N., Gorelkina E.I., Operating parameters of the pump-ejector system under SWAG injection at the Samodurovskoye field (In Russ.), SOCAR Proceedings Special, 2022, no. S2, pp. 9–18, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5510/OGP2022SI200734

8. Drozdov A.N., Gorelkina E.I., Development of a pump-ejector system for SWAG injection into reservoir using associated petroleum gas from the annulus space of production wells (In Russ.), Zapiski Gornogo instituta = Journal of Mining Institute, 2022, V. 254, pp. 191–201, DOI: http://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2022.34

9. Verbitskiy V.S., Gorid’ko K.A., Fedorov A.E., Drozdov A.N., Experimental studies of electric submersible pump performance with ejector at pump inlet when liquid-gas mixture delivering (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2016, no. 9, pp. 106–109.

10. Drozdov A.N., Tekhnologiya i tekhnika dobychi nefti pogruzhnymi nasosami v oslozhnennykh usloviyakh (Technology and techniques for oil production using submersible pumps in difficult conditions), Moscow: MAKS press Publ., 2008, 312 p.

11. Drozdov A.N., Verbitsky V.S., Lambin D.N., Dengaev A.V., Stand research and analysis of average-integral characteristics of submersible centrifugal pumps operating at gas-liquid mixtures, SPE-141291-MS, 2011, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/141291-MS

12. Veremko H.A., Study of the effect of alkali additives on the efficiency of nonionic surfactants (In Russ.) Neftyanaya i gazovaya promyshlennost’, 1989, no. 2, pp. 11–12.

13. Lenchenkova L.E., Povyshenie nefteotdachi plastov fiziko-khimicheskimi metodami (Enhanced oil recovery by physicochemical methods), Moscow: Nedra-Biznestsentr Publ., 1998, 394 p.

14. Poroshin V.D., Khaynak V.P., Morozov A.G., Gidrokhimicheskie metody kontrolya za razrabotkoy podsolevykh i mezhsolevykh neftyanykh zalezhey (na primere mestorozhdeniy Belarusi) (Hydrochemical methods for monitoring the development of subsalt and intersalt oil deposits (using the example of Belarusian fields)). Part I. Opredelenie prirody poputno dobyvaemykh vod (Determination of the nature of produced waters), In: Izobreteniya i ratspredlozheniya v neftegazovoy promyshlennosti (Inventions and innovations in the oil and gas industry), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2002, no. 3, pp. 61–77.

15. Povzhik P.P., Primichev D.A., Lymar’ I.V. et al., Approaches in the development and implementation of flow-diverting technologies for enhanced oil recovery in Belorusneft (In Russ.), Nedropol’zovanie XXI vek, 2018, no. 6, pp. 101–111.

16. Drozdov A.N., Chernyshov K.I., Kalinnikov V.N. et al., Water-gas mixtures injection into a reservoir by pump-ejector system using fresh and highly mineralized formation water (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 2, pp. 54–57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-2-54-57

This study aims to develop and test a method for predicting the stability of valuable microcomponent concentrations (Li+, Sr2+, Br-) in industrial brines extracted alongside hydrocarbons during the development of oil fields on the Siberian Platform. A comprehensive analysis of a set of hydrogeochemical data obtained from 201 wells in the Kuyumbinskoye field was collected and performed. The database includes 450 chemical analysis reports for water macrocomponents and 211 reports for microcomponents. For the first time, a comprehensive approach was applied, combining traditional correlation analysis and modern machine learning methods (the Random Forest algorithm), which enables predicting the concentrations of valuable microcomponents based on regularly measured macrocomponents as part of the analysis of produced water from the operating fund. Stable correlations between Li+ and Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, pH, and mineralization were identified. The developed predictive model enables a high degree of reliability (coefficient of determination was equal to 0,93 on the training sample and 0,77 on the test sample) to assess the distribution of lithium concentrations across wells and predict their dynamics during long-term operation of the deposit, including during periods when there is no established monitoring system. It was established that in most wells there is no significant decrease in lithium concentrations during many years of production, which indicates the stability of the hydrogeochemical conditions of the Rifian aquifer complex. The proposed methodology significantly reduces the cost of assessing the resource potential of hydromineral raw materials and can be adapted for other regions and components.

References

1. Fedorov V.N., Korotkov S.B., Vakhromeev A.G. et al., Osobennosti osvoeniya gidromineral’nogo syr’ya v rayonakh gazodobychi Irkutskoy oblasti (Development of brine reservoir associated water in the gas production areas of the Irkutsk region), Collected papers “Fundamental’nye, global’nye i regional’nye problemy geologii nefti i gaza” (Fundamental, global and regional problems of oil and gas geology), Proceedings of All-Russian scientific conference dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the birth of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences A.E. Kontorovich, Novosibirsk: Publ. of SB of RAS, 2024, pp. 240-242,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.53954/9785604990070_240

2. Vikström H., Davidsson S., Höök M., Lithium availability and future production outlooks, Applied Energy, 2013, V. 110, pp. 252–266, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.005

3. Pokhilenko N.P., Afanasyev V.P., Tolstov A.V. et al., Prospects and problems of development of the raw material base of scarce strategic solid mineral resources of Siberia (In Russ.), Geology of Ore Deposits, 2023, V. 65, no. 5, pp. 476-492

4. Agafonov Yu.A., Alekseev S.V., Alekseeva L.P. et al., Rapogazoproyavleniya i anomal’no vysokie plastovye davleniya litienosnykh rassolov na yuge Sibirskoy platformy (flyuidogeodinamicheskaya interpretatsiya geologo-geofizicheskikh i geopromyslovykh dannykh; prognoz gorno-geologicheskikh usloviy, innovatsionnye podkhody i resheniya v burenii i osvoenii Kovyktinskogo gazokondensatnogo mestorozhdeniya) (Manifestations of lithium brine and gas and abnormally high reservoir pressures in the south of the Siberian Platform), Part 1, Irkutsk: Publ. of INRTU, 2022, pp. 49–97.

5. Novikov D.A., Sukhorukova A.F., Hydrogeochemistry of the Arctic areas of Siberian petroleum basins, Arctis, 2020, V. 73, pp. 131–152,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1451/1/012016

6. Vozhov V.I., Podzemnye vody i gidromineral’noe syr’e Leno-Tungusskoy neftegazonosnoy provintsii (Groundwater and hydromineral raw materials of the Lena-Tunguska oil and gas province): thesis of doctor of geological and mineralogical science, Novosibirsk, 2006.

7. Korzun A.V., Parshikova N.G., Kharitonova N.A., Perspektivy ispol’zovaniya i problemy izucheniya mestorozhdeniy promyshlennykh vod RF (Prospects for the use and problems of studying industrial water deposits in the Russian Federation), Proceedings of XXIV All-Russian Conference on Groundwater in Siberia and the Far East, Novosibirsk, 2024, pp. 4–8.

8. Pinneker E.V., Rassoly Angaro-Lenskogo artezianskogo basseyna (Brines of the Angara-Lena artesian basin), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1977, 104 p.

9. Shvartsev S.L., Gidrogeokhimiya zony gipergeneza (Hydrogeochemistry of the hypergenesis zone), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1996, 366 p.

10. Shvartsev S.L., Sources of calcium, strontium and barium in strong and super-strong calcium chloride brines (In Russ.), Geologiya i geofizika, 1973, no. 6, pp. 23–30.

11. Bukaty M.B., Geologiya i geokhimiya podzemnykh rassolov zapadnoy chasti Sibirskoy platformy (Geology and geochemistry of underground brines in the western part of the Siberian platform): thesis of doctor of geological and mineralogical science, Tomsk, 1999.

12. Bukaty M.B., Shvartsev S.L., Equilibrium of highly mineralized underground brines with evaporite minerals (In Russ.), Sovetskaya geologiya, 1983, no. 8, pp. 114–123.

13. Vakhromeev A.G. et al., Metalliferous brines of the south of the Siberian platform and the problems of their industrial development (In Russ.), Interekspo Geo-Sibir’, 2024, V. 2, no. 1, pp. 21–25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33764/2618-981X-2024-2-1-21-25

The results of experimental studies on the development of a technology for producing reverse water–hydrocarbon emulsions of the «water-in-oil» (w/o) type are presented as an alternative to costly hydrocarbon solutions widely used for solving technological problems and mitigating complications in oilfield operations. Using «water–diesel fuel» model systems, it was shown that mechanical mixing does not ensure emulsion stability, whereas ultrasonic treatment enables to obtain the formation of stable systems with a water phase content of up to 90 %. The optimal emulsification conditions were achieved at a treatment frequency of 19 kHz. Microscopic analysis confirmed the formation of nanoemulsions; however, only a small portion of the mixture was emulsified, leading to the appearance of intermediate layers  the lower opaque layer remained stable for weeks, while the upper layer was unstable. Among the tested emulsifiers, SPAN-80 (HLB 4,3) demonstrated the best performance, providing minimal dosage and high emulsion stability. A nearly linear dependence of the required emulsifier dosage on the water phase fraction was established, with a characteristic inversion point observed at a diesel-to-water ratio of 3:7. The obtained results clearly confirm the feasibility of creating cost-effective and environmentally friendly chemical reagent solutions based on w/o emulsions to improve the efficiency and ecological safety of well, pipeline, and tank treatments.

References

1. Bashkirtseva N.Yu., Sladovskaya O.Yu., Rakhmatullin R.R., Primenenie poverkhnostno-aktivnykh veshchestv v protsessakh podgotovki i transportirovki nefti (The use of surfactants in oil preparation and transportation processes), Kazan: Publ. of Kazan National Research Technological University, 2016, 166 p.

2. Surfactants: Fundamentals and applications in the petroleum industry, edited by Schramm L.L., Cambridge University Press, 2000, 621 p.

3. Bulatov A.I., Kusov G.V., Savenok O.V., Asfal’to-smolo-parafinovye otlozheniya i gidratoobrazovaniya: preduprezhdenie i udalenie (Asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and hydrate formations: prevention and removal), Krasnodar: Yug Publ., 2011, 348 p.

4. Jie Yang, Jinsheng Sun, Ren Wang, Yuanzhi Qu, Treatment of drilling fluid waste during oil and gas drilling: a review, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2023, V. 30, no. 8, pp. 19662–19682, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-25114-x

5. Tadros T.F., Emulsion formation and stability, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2013, 562 p.

6. Israelachvili J.N., Intermolecular and surface forces, San Diego: Academic Press (Elsevier), 2011, 704 p., DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/C2011-0-05119-0

7. Caenn R., Darley H.C.H., Gray G.R., Composition and properties of drilling and completion fluids, Oxford: Gulf Professional Publishing (Elsevier), 2017, 1022 p.,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-64504-9

8. Glushchenko V.N., Khizhnyak G.P., Directions for improving the compositions of reverse emulsions for well plugging (In Russ.), Nedropol’zovanie, 2023, V. 23, no. 1, pp. 44–50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15593/2712-8008/2023.1.6

9. Nikulin V.Yu., Mukminov R.R., Mukhametov F.Kh. et al., Overview of promising killing technologies in conditions of abnormally low formation pressures and risks of gas breakthrough. Part 1. Technology classification and experience with water-based and hydrocarbon-based thickened liquids (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2022,

V. 20, no. 3, pp. 87-96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2022-3-87-96

10. Karimov R.M., Tashbulatov R.R., Mastobaev B.N. et al., Primenenie vysokoenergeticheskikh metodov vozdeystviya pri razrabotke netraditsionnykh zalezhey vysokovyazkogo sverkhtyazhelogo neftyanogo syr’ya (Application of high-energy methods of impact in the development of unconventional deposits of highly viscous extra-heavy oil raw materials), Proceedings of International Conference “Trudnoizvlekaemye zapasy nefti” (Hard-to-recover oil reserves), Al’met’evsk, 23–24 September 2024, Al’met’evsk: Publ. of ASTU “HSO”, 2024, pp. 149–154.

11. Karimov R.M., Ganieva I.I., Sokolova V.V., Mastobaev B.N., Pilot tests of the technology of chemical washing of technological pipelines of the oil pumping stations

(In Russ.), Transport i khranenie nefteproduktov i uglevodorodnogo syr’ya, 2022, no. 3–4, pp. 5–10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/0131-4270-2022-3-4-5-10

12. Patel K.R., Dhiman V., Research study of water – Diesel emulsion as alternative fuel in diesel engine – An overview, International Journal of Latest Engineering Research and Applications, 2017, V. 2, no. 9, pp. 37–41.

13. Karimov R.M., Promyvka truboprovodov vodno-uglevodorodnymi obratnymi emul’siyami solevykh rastvorov i khimreagentov (Flushing of pipelines with water-hydrocarbon reverse emulsions of salt solutions and chemical reagents), Proceedings of XVII International Scientific and Practical Conference “Truboprovodnyy transport– 2022” (Pipeline Transport – 2022), Ufa: Publ. of USPTU, 2022, pp. 93–94.

14. Kuznetsov V.S., Karimov R.M., K voprosu ispol’zovaniya obratnykh emul’siy v zadachakh neftegazovoy otrasli (On the use of inverse emulsions in the oil and gas industry), Proceedings of 75th scientific and technical conference of students, postgraduates and young scientists of Ufa State Petroleum Technological University: edited by Ibragimov I.G., Ufa: Publ. of USPTU, 2024, pp. 266–267.

15. Karimov R.M., Denisov E.F., Makarenko O.A., K voprosu o primenenii khimicheskikh reagentov dlya ochistki ot asfal’to-smoloparafinovykh otlozheniy (On the issue of using chemical reagents for cleaning asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits), Proceedings of International Scientific and Technical Conference dedicated to the memory of Academician A.Kh. Mirzajanzade, Ufa: Publ. of USPTU, 2016, pp. 89–91.

16. Bezymyannikov T.I., Karimov R.M., Mastobaev B.N., Prakticheskie aspekty primeneniya khimicheskikh reagentov dlya udaleniya otlozheniy nefti v sisteme magistral’nykh nefteprovodov PAO “Transneft’” (Practical aspects of the use of chemical reagents for the removal of oil deposits in the main oil pipeline system of Transneft PJSC), Proceedings of XIV International Educational, Scientific and Practical Conference “Truboprovodnyy transport – 2019” (Pipeline Transport – 2019), Ufa: Publ. of USPTU, 2019, pp. 17–18.

17. Bezymyannikov T.I., Karimov R.M., Tashbulatov R.R., Recovery throughput of technological pipelines and useful volume of tanks for a long time operated pump stations, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2020, V. 459, Ch. 2, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/459/3/032024

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19. Bezymyannikov T.I., Makarenko O.A., Karimov R.M., K voprosu ochistki nefteprovodov i rezervuarov ot ASPO v Arkticheskikh usloviyakh ekspluatatsii (On the issue of cleaning oil pipelines and tanks from asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits in Arctic operating conditions), Collected papers “Neftegazovyy terminal. Vypusk 22” (Oil and Gas Terminal. Issue 22), Proceedings of international scientific and technical conference “Aktual’nye problemy transporta i khraneniya uglevodorodnykh resursov pri osvoenii Arktiki i Mirovogo okeana” (Current issues of transportation and storage of hydrocarbon resources in the development of the Arctic and the World Ocean): edited by Yu.D. Zemenkov, 2-3 December 2021, Tyumen: Publ. of TIU, 2021, pp. 34–38.

20. Bezymyannikov T.I., Makarenko O.A., Karimov R.M., Ob effektivnosti uglevodorodnykh rastvoriteley dlya udaleniya ASPO v nefteprovodakh i rezervuarakh (On the effectiveness of hydrocarbon solvents for removing asphaltenes and paraffin deposits in oil pipelines and tanks),Collected papers “Neftegazovyy terminal. Vypusk 22” (Oil and Gas Terminal. Issue 22), Proceedings of international scientific and technical conference “Aktual’nye problemy transporta i khraneniya uglevodorodnykh resursov pri osvoenii Arktiki i Mirovogo okeana” (Current issues of transportation and storage of hydrocarbon resources in the development of the Arctic and the World Ocean): edited by Yu.D. Zemenkov, 2-3 December 2021, Tyumen: Publ. of TIU, 2021, pp. 39–44.

21. Karimov R.M., Ganieva I.I., Sokolova V.V., Mastobaev B.N., Pilot tests of the technology of chemical washing of technological pipelines of the oil pumping stations

(In Russ.), Transport i khranenie nefteproduktov i uglevodorodnogo syr’ya, 2022, no. 3–4, pp. 5–10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/0131-4270-2022-3-4-5-10

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The following article reviews the possibility of optimizing the embankment height for oil and gas field sites through an unconventional method of embankments construction using timber obtained on-site from felling sites as the main material. It should be noted that the relevance of this method is driven by the underdeveloped transport infrastructure in remote northern regions, which complicates transportation of construction materials and equipment, as well as the presence of unstable or weak soils, construction on which requires additional efforts and economic costs, affecting the overall feasibility of the project. There is an additional advantage of this method which is the ability to control the permafrost boundary within the embankment using thermal insulation properties of the wood and also by reducing the required volumes of imported soil for the construction of the roadbed. Therefore it is reasonable to use the corduroy road base for embankment at forested sites that require extensive clearing. Based on design experience and economic analysis, the features and drawbacks of such embankment design were identified during the study, and mitigation measures were selected. Such solutions with the use of corduroy road base can be implemented both during design and expert approval, and in construction support during subsequent project implementation.

References

1. TTK. Ustroystvo lezhnevoy dorogi s nastilom iz breven i pokrytiem iz mineral’nogo dreniruyushchego grunta (Standard process map. Construction of a plank road with a log deck and a covering of mineral draining soil).

2. SP 50.13330.2024. Teplovaya zashchita zdaniy (Thermal protection of buildings), Moscow: Publ. of Russian Institute of Standardization, 2024.

3. Posobie po proektirovaniyu zemlyanogo polotna avtomobil’nykh dorog na slabykh gruntakh (k SNiP 2.05.02-85) (Guide to designing roadbeds on soft soils (to SNiP 2.05.02-85)), Moscow: Publ. of Rosavtodor, 2004, URL: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data1/45/45732/

4. Balobaev V.T., Sezonnoe protaivanie merzlykh gornykh porod (Seasonal thawing of frozen rocks), In: Geoteplofizicheskie issledovaniya v Sibiri (Geothermal research in Siberia), Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 1978, pp. 4–32.

The objective of the study is to regulate the planning procedure for drag-reducing additives (DRA) consumption in a main pipeline. Taking into account the regular influence of seasonal temperature fluctuations on the DRA efficiency, conditional temperature groups are proposed for annual DRA demand planning procedure, such as «cold» and «warm» periods. Proposals for grouping various DRAs into the corresponding types are provided. Based on the results of a study examining the effectiveness of various DRA types, the concept of a relative consumption ratio of the corresponding DRA type is proposed and explained. To make the planning procedure for DRA consumption automated the idea to take into account the penalty coefficient was proposed, which shall enable to clearly notice significant overconsumption of a non-optimal DRA and subsequently automatically exclude it from the list when calculating the DRA consumption. The work proposes a DRA demand planning procedure relevant to the established objectives in reducing costs and operating expenditures as well as an example of a typical calculation of a DRA demand according to the proposed methodology. The output includes development and substantiation of the approach to estimation of DRA consumption for a main pipeline, where the use of DRA is planned, taking into account the relative consumption ratio of the corresponding DRA type and seasonal variations in the DRA efficiency.

References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2025-15-4-333-341

2. Nesyn G.V., Manzhay V.N., Shibaev V.P., The influence of the length of the side substituent of poly-n-alkyl methacrylates on their ability to reduce hydrodynamic drag (In Russ.), Vysokomolekulyarnye soedineniya, 1986, V. B 28, no. 9, pp. 714–717.

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5. Nesyn G.V., Manzhay V.N., Suleymanova Yu.V. et al., Polymer drag-reducing agents for transportation of hydrocarbon liquids: Mechanism of action, estimation of efficiency, and features of production (In Russ.), Vysokomolekulyarnye soedineniya = Polymer Science. Series A, 2012, V. 54, no. 1, pp. 65–72.

6. Nesyn G.V., Zverev F.S., Sukhovey M.V., Fokina A.A., Reducing of pumping energy with surfactants in district heating systems (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2025, V 15, no. 3, pp. 252–258,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2025-15-3-252-258

7. Copyright certificate no. 806985A1 USSR, Dobavka dlya snizheniya gidrodinamicheskogo soprotivleniya (Additive for reducing hydrodynamic drag), Authors: Shibaev V.P., Shakhovskaya L.I., Nesyn G.V.

8. Lumley J.L., Drag reduction in turbulent flow by polymer additives, J Polym. Sci.: Macromol. Revs., 1973, V. 7, pp. 263–290.

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10. Revel’-Muroz P.A., Shiryaev A.M., Zverev F.S. et al., Laboratory equipment for hydrodynamic resistance research of oil and oil products (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2015, no. 3(19), pp. 12–22.

11. Gareev M.M., Karpov F.A., Condition of destruction of anti-turbulent additives (In Russ.), Transport i khranenie nefteproduktov i uglevodorodnogo syr’ya, 2018, no. 1, pp. 24–29.

12. Patent US20120004344A1, Drag reduction of asphaltenic crude oils, Inventor: Burden T.L.

13. Patent US20130041094A1, Drag reduction of asphaltenic crude oils, Inventors: Milligan S.N., Johnston R.L., Burden T.L., Dreher W.R., Smith K.W., Harris W.F.

14. Lisin Yu.V., Semin S.L., Zverev F.S., Efficiency evaluation of anti-turbulent additives based on the results of the experimental-industrial tests on the oil trunk pipelines (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2013, no. 3(11), pp. 6–11.

15. Nifant’ev I.E., Tavtorkin A.N., Vinogradov A.A. et al., Tandem synthesis of ultra-high molecularweight drag reducing poly-olefins for low-temperature pipeline transportation, Polymers, 2021, V. 13, P. 3930, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13223930

Fundamental scientific research has developed new approaches to studying gasdynamic and hydrodynamic processes in jet (and jet) technology. This article presents selected research results from a new research area focused on thrust vector control within a full geometric sphere. The thrust vector deflection angle can vary from plus 180 degrees to minus 180 degrees, in any direction, using one of a series of patented jet devices as an example. Distributed energy supply in the jet device channels is considered. The research builds on Euler's scientific legacy. Proposals for the practical application of the obtained results are discussed, including the creation of digital twins for various jet devices, including those with rotating nozzle motion. For educational and conceptual design, it is proposed to develop Euler's methodology using modern CFD technologies. The research laid the scientific groundwork for the development of jet technology and turbomachines. It was also demonstrated that there are numerous avenues for further development of Euler's ideas, both within fundamental and applied research, and using new mathematical tools, including emerging artificial intelligence technologies. It is proposed to develop scientific research in the fields of energy-saving power engineering; oil and gas field development; and the creation of highly maneuverable robotic transport systems capable of long-term operation in various environments – on land, at sea, and in the air.

References

1. Sazonov Y.A., Mokhov M.A., Bondarenko A.V. et al., Investigation of a multiflow ejector equipped with variable-length links for thrust vector control using Euler’s methodology, Eng, 2024, V. 5, pp. 2999–3022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/eng5040156

2. Sazonov Y.A., Mokhov M.A., Bondarenko A.V. et al., Study of reversible nozzle apparatuses using euler methodology and CFD technologies, Civil Engineering Journal (Iran), 2024, V. 10(11), pp. 3640–3671, DOI: https://doi.org/10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-11-013

3. Patent RU2839870C1, Jet apparatus, Inventors: Sazonov Yu.A., Mokhov M.A., Tumanyan Kh.A., Konyushkov E.I., Voronova V.V., Balaka N.N.

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5. Sazonov Yu.A., Mokhov M.A., Gryaznova I.V. et al., Development of a scientific approach for the development of multi-flow jet systems based on Euler’s methodology (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 9, pp. 30–35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-9-30-35

6. Bistafa S.R., Investigation of a water turbine built according to Euler’s proposals (1754), 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2108.12048

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12. Red’kin A.V., Yaloza Yu.A., Kovalev I.E., Reliability assessment of convertible aircraft with hybrid propulsion system and multirotor lifting system (In Russ.), Nauchnyy vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii = Civil Aviation High Technologies, 2020, V. 23, no. 5, pp. 76-96,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-5-76-96

13. Sazonov Yu.A., Osnovy rascheta i konstruirovaniya nasosno-ezhektornykh ustanovok (Bases for design and construction of pumping and ejecting units), Moscow: Neft’ i gaz Publ., 2012, 305 p.

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15. Li X., Dunkin F., Dezert J., Multi-source information fusion: Progress and future, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 2024, V. 37(7), pp. 24-58,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2023.12.009

16. Legrand B., Gaillard A., Bouquain D., Comparative study of hybrid electric distributed propulsion aircraft through multiple powertrain component modeling approaches, Aerospace, 2025, no. 12, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12080732

17. Chen Z., Liu D., Hou Z., Chen S., Mission-oriented propulsion system configuration and whole aircraft redundancy safety performance for distributed electric propulsion UAVs, Drones, 2025, no. 9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9090662

The development of offshore hydrocarbon deposits involves the construction and operation of production platforms, oil and gas transportation, and well drilling. Shallow gas hydrate deposits, followed by their dissociation into water and gas and subsequent release, can pose a significant threat to oil and gas pipeline construction, drilling operations, and tanker traffic. Expeditions reveal gas releases over large areas of the seafloor; the release is so intense that it fails to diffuse through the seafloor and rises to the surface. This paper presents the results of a laboratory study of gas flow in a saturated granular medium. An experimental setup was created to simulate gas removal from the seafloor through a layer of loose sedimentary deposits. A unique feature of the setup was its ability to visualize the process of gas phase filtration in a granular layer saturated with liquid. The obtained results showed that, prior to the release, a branched network of thin, intricate gas-conducting channels forms in the granular medium, branching from the main channel. The lower the escaping gas pressure, the fewer and wider the branching channels. Based on the obtained data, estimates were made of the rate of release formation, the velocity of rising bubbles, and their sizes. The presented results are consistent with data obtained using hydroacoustic methods during expeditions in the East Siberian Sea.

References

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pp. 330–335.

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