The article is devoted to the issues of the assessment of the excess-profits tax and its allocation on subsurface productions facilities and development options in the process of preparing project documents for the development of hydrocarbon fields. The Tax Code of the Russian Federation stipulates that the excess-profits tax shall be calculated and paid for a subsurface site, while the issues related to the allocation of the excess-profits tax on subsurface development facilities are not regulated. This situation leads to a lack of a common understanding of methodological approaches to the assessment of taxes both between the authors of project design documents and within the expert community. One of the key purposes of the project design document is to justify a wise and rationale development option for both separate production targets and for the entire field. The choice of the recommended development case is based on the economic indicators such as net discounted income and government revenues which are accumulated over a cost-effective period and reflected in the integrated indicator Topt. In this regard, the correct assessment of the tax and its allocation between the production targets is an important aspect when deciding on an option for the development of raw hydrocarbon fields.

References

1. Nalogovyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii (chast’ vtoraya). N 117-FZ ot 05.08.2000 (Tax Code of the Russian Federation (part two). N 117-FZ dated 05.08.2000 (as amended on 28.12.2024, as amended on 21.01.2025) (as amended and supplemented, comes into force on 01.01.2026).)

2. Nalogovye reformy v neftyanoy otrasli ne spasayut ee ot rosta fiskal’noy nagruzki (Tax reforms in the oil industry do not save it from growing fiscal burden),

URL: https://rg.ru/2024/04/03/nalogovye-reformy-v-neftianoj-otrasli-ne-spasaiut-ee-ot-rosta-fiskalnoj-nag...

3. Pravila podgotovki tekhnicheskikh proektov razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr'ya (Rules for the preparation of technical projects for the development of hydrocarbon deposits): approved by order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia No. 639 on September 20, 2019, URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_334817/

4. Vremennye metodicheskie rekomendatsii podgotovki tekhnicheskikh proektov razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr’ya v chasti ekonomicheskoy otsenki variantov razrabotki (Temporary methodological recommendations for the preparation of technical projects for the development of hydrocarbon deposits in terms of economic assessment of development options), FBU GKZ, 2023, URL: https://gkz-rf.ru/sites/default/files/docs/vremennye_metodicheskie_rekomendacii_podgotovki_tehniches...

5. Protokol soveshchaniya po voprosam ekonomicheskoy otsenki v ramkakh podgotovki i ekspertizy tekhnicheskikh proektov razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr’ya ot 30.09.2025 g. (Minutes of the meeting on economic assessment issues in the framework of the preparation and examination of technical projects for the development of hydrocarbon deposits dated September 30, 2025).

When reprocessing archival 2D/3D seismic data with low fold, it is often impossible to build a near-surface model based on first break picking. This problem is especially relevant in data obtained from the vibrational seismic source. One possible solution to compensate the influence of the near-surface section for such surveys is the method of layer replacement using the confidently tracked upper reflective horizon that is continuous across the entire survey. For the first time, the results of using 4D regularization at the kinematic processing stage are published by Rosneft Oil Company. This application enables to obtain higher-quality horizontal spectra for velocity estimation in the layer replacement method by using an algorithm for recovering missing data, thereby improving the accuracy of structural modeling. 4D regularization successfully solves such problems in the layer replacement method as: data gaps due to displaced or skipped source points, and a limited number of traces in the near-offset range for horizontal velocity analysis along the upper reflecting horizons. 4D regularisation before the calculation of horizontal spectra for the layer replacement method has been successfully tested at Rosneft Oil Company in 2024 during the reprocessing of archival narrow azimuth 3D survey data and can be used in the future for other projects.

References

1. Ozdogan Y., Seismic data processing, Tulsa: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1987, Part 2, 586 p.

2. Noskov A.V., Starkov K.R., Yurikova A.V., Yakovlev A.P., Analisys of the seismic data regularization affect. Case study for Caribbean, Black and Okhotsk seas

(In Russ.), Tekhnologii seysmorazvedki, 2011, no. 1, pp. 46–51.

3. Trad D., Deere J., Cheadle S., Wide azimuth interpolation, Proceedings of 68th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2006,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201402126

4. Trad D., Five dimensional seismic data interpolation, Proceedings of 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC, 2008, pp. 978–982.

5. User Manual “Sistema interpretatsionnoy obrabotki seysmicheskikh dannykh Prime” (Prime Seismic Data Interpretation Processing System), Moscow: Publ. of Seysmotek, 2023.

A detailed study of the geological structure of any oil and gas-bearing object plays an important role in the geometrization of deposits. Often, to solve it, the authors rely only on seismic studies in the presence of a network of wells. The article presents examples when a detailed correlation of well sections in a certain part of a seismic section contradicts the results of 3D studies, which indicate the clinoform structure of the studied stratum. On two correlation schemes of well sections, in accordance with the direction of two deep seismic sections, the reference intervals of the section are traced, which coincide with the seismic survey results before the sedimentation fault. It should be noted that after the fault, where the clinoform fall of the seismic phases occurs, it is from this moment on that other types of section are recorded on the correlation diagrams, which ultimately determines the sharp discrepancy between the results of the correlation of the well sections. A similar pattern of clinoform fall of the reflecting horizon can be seen in the regional section within the Yarsomovsky trough and its western branch. Although no faults have been recorded in this section, their presence is beyond doubt, and what type of section is in the area of these deflections can actually be judged only from the data of the wells.

References

1. Gutman I.S., Korrelyatsiya razrezov skvazhin slozhnopostroennykh neftegazonosnykh ob”ektov i geologicheskaya interpretatsiya ee rezul’tatov (Correlation of well sections of complex oil and gas objects and geological interpretation of its results), Moscow: ESOEN Publ., 2022, 326 p.

2. Ukhlova G.D., Larichev A.I., Mel’nikov N.V., Kos I.M., Sedimentation complexes of the Neocomian of the Ob River Region (Western Siberia) (In Russ.), Byulleten’ MOIP. Otdel geologicheskiy, 2004, V. 79, no. 1, pp. 14–21.

3. Gurari F.G., Stroenie i usloviya obrazovaniya klinoform neokoma Zapadno-Sibirskoy plity (istoriya stanovleniya predstavleniy) (The structure and formation conditions of the Neocom clinoforms of the West Siberian Plate (history of the formation of representations)), Novosibirsk: Publ. of SNIIGGiMS, 2003, 141 p.

4. Naumov A.L., K metodike rekonstruktsii rel’efa dna Zapadno-Sibirskogo rannemelovogo basseyna (On the methodology of reconstruction of the bottom relief of the West Siberian Early Cretaceous basin), Proceedings of ZapSibNIGNI, 1985, V. 6, pp. 24-35.

This article presents an analysis of the geological structure and development features of carbonate and terrigenous deposits in the junction zone of the Volga-Ural anteclise, the Pre-Urals foredeep, and the Precaspian basin. The analysis was carried out using available data in the fields of sedimentology, petrophysics, structural geology, tectonics, geochemistry, field development, and seismic exploration. Data were collected and, in accordance with regulations, digital and analog geophysical data, stored in the Republican Geological Information Center Kazgeoinform and/or Territorial Geological Information Funds. The quality and reliability of the source data were verified; interpretation of regional seismic survey data was performed; the results of structural and tectonic zoning were summarized; the boundaries of the Novoalekseevsky trough were refined for further assessment of the oil and gas potential of terrigenous and carbonate deposits of different ages in the subsalt complex of the sedimentary cover. Top and bottom maps of the salt complex were constructed, and a structure validity analysis was conducted with an assessment of the impact of velocity anomalies from salt diapirs on the underlying deposits. The results of this work will be used in further research aimed at locating exploration targets in Pre-Artian oil and gas prospective deposits. Future work will include analyzing the distribution of reservoir and sealing properties in the molasse deposit zone, as well as studying linear tectonic structures of the Pre-Urals foredeep and the localization of carbonate buildups.

References

1. Iskaziev K.O., Begimbetov O.B., Bukanov S.A., Khafizov S.F., New prospective geological exploration projects in Western Kazakhstan implemented within the framework of the programme of geological study of subsurface resources (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 5, pp. 16–23,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-5-16-23

2. Volozh Yu.A., Bykadorov V.A., Antipov M.P. et al., Oil and gas perspective targets of the sub salt Paleozoic of the Pre-Caspian basin (In Russ.), Neftegazovaya geologiya. Teoriya i praktika, 2019, V. 14, no. 4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17353/2070-5379/39_2019

3. Daukeev S.Zh. et al., Glubinnoe stroenie i mineral’nye resursy Kazakhstana (Deep structure and mineral resources of Kazakhstan), Collected papers “Neft’ i gaz”

(Oil and gas), Almaty, 2002, 272 p.

4. Kulumbetova G.E., Geodinamicheskaya evolyutsiya i prognoz neftegazonosnosti vostochnogo borta Prikaspiyskoy sineklizy (Geodynamic evolution and forecast of oil and gas potential of the eastern edge of the Caspian syneclise): thesis of PhD, Almaty, 2019, 149 p.

The article reflects the experience of studying carbonate deposits of the Osinsky productive horizon (O-1, B1 formation) within several areas located in the central part of the Nepa-Peleduy arch of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise, which are the main resource base of Surgutneftegas PJSC in the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). In the course of the research, a large amount of factual material was studied, including exploration and production data, transit drilling, core studies, the results of interpretation of 3D-seismic data, the analysis of the main indicators of the development of hydrocarbon deposits in the O-1 formation. The first part of the article provides an overview of the published works on the geological structure of the deposits of the Osinsky horizon in the central part of the Nepa-Peleduy arch and their comparison with the data obtained in the process of studying borehole and remote methods of geological and geophysical research. As a result of the analysis of the accumulated data, a unified conceptual model of the geological structure of the Osinsky horizon was developed. A methodologically substantiated algorithm for mapping the paleofacies zones of the O-1 formation is proposed, based on the combined use of correlation results of deposits from the Usolsky regional suite and the analysis of 3D seismic survey data. A refined paleogeographic model of sediment accumulation of the Osinsky horizon in the central part of the Nepsky arch of Eastern Siberia is presented, the structure of the Osinsky horizon in various facies zones is described in detail.

References

1. Kuznetsov V.G., Postnikova O.V., Malinina A.K., Reservoir properties and structure of the Osinsky reservoir of the Talakanskoye field (In Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 1995, no. 1, pp. 24-30.

2. Safronov A.F., Bulgakova M.D., Gayduk V.V., Genetic types carbonate rocks of the Osa Horizon, the major oil reservoir of the large Talakan deposit (Western Yakutia) (In Russ.), Geologiya i geofizika, 2000, V. 45, no. 1, pp. 144-150.

3. Burova I.A., Factors affecting the distribution of reservoir rocks of the Osinsky horizon within the Talakan uplift (In Russ.), Collected papers “Razvitie teorii i metodiki sozdaniya geologo-petrofizicheskikh modeley neftegazonosnykh ob”ektov razlichnogo genezisa s tsel’yu lokal’nogo prognoza” (Development of the theory and methodology for creating geological and petrophysical models of oil and gas objects of various genesis for the purpose of local forecasting), Leningrad: Publ. of VNIGRI, 1990, pp. 125-129.

4. Il’in V.D., Fortunatova N.K., Metody prognozirovaniya i poiskov neftegazonosnykh rifovykh kompleksov (Methods of forecasting and prospecting oil and gas bearing reef complexes), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1988, 201 p.

5. Kuznetsov V.G., Ilyukhin L.N., Postnikova O.V. et al., Drevnie karbonatnye tolshchi Vostochnoy Sibiri i ikh neftegazonosnost’ (Ancient carbonate strata of Eastern Siberia and their oil and gas potential), Moscow: Nauchnyy Mir Publ., 2000, 104 p.

6. Shemin G.G., Geologiya i perspektivy neftegazonosnosti venda i nizhnego kembriya tsentral’nykh rayonov Sibirskoy platformy (Nepsko-Botuobinskaya, Baykitskaya anteklizy i Katangskaya sedlovina) (Geology and oil and gas potential Vendian and Lower Cambrian deposits of central regions of the Siberian Platform (Nepa-Botuoba, Baikit anteclise and Katanga saddle)): edited by Kashirtsev V.A., Novosibirsk: Publ. of SB RAS, 2007, 467 p.

7. Mel’nikov N.V., Vend-kembriyskiy solenosnyy basseyn Sibirskoy platformy (Stratigrafiya, istoriya razvitiya) (Vendian-Cambrian salt basin of the Siberian Platform (Stratigraphy, development history)), Novosibirsk: Publ. of SNIIGGiMS, 2018, 177 p.

8. Dmitrievskiy A.N., Samsonov Yu.V., Ilyukhin L.N. et al., Zony neftegazonakopleniya v karbonatnykh otlozheniyakh Sibirskoy platformy (Oil and gas accumulation zones in carbonate deposits of the Siberian platform), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1993, 158 p.

9. Gurova T.I., Chernova L.S., Potlova M.M. et al., Litologiya i usloviya formirovaniya rezervuarov nefti i gaza Sibirskoy platformy (Mingeo SSSR, SibNPO po geologo-razvedochnym rabotam) (Lithology and conditions of formation of oil and gas reservoirs of the Siberian platform (Mingeo of the USSR, SibNPO for geological exploration)), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1988, 254 p.

10. Mandel’baum M.M., Khokhlov G.A., Kondrat’ev V.A., Nepa-Botuoba anteclise: history of discovery, geology, development prospects (In Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2004, no. 1, pp. 28-37.

11. Myshevskiy N.V., Ignalina Barrier Reef - a new promising object on the Nepa Arch (In Russ.), Geologiya i geofizika, 1991, no. 11, pp. 99–107.

12. Gayduk A.V., Kashirina E.G., Red’kin N.A. et al., Regularities of development of perspective objects in carbonate Vendian-Cambrian sedimentary cover of the southern Siberian platform (In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft’”, 2016, no. 3, pp. 28-31.

13. Nikulina M.Yu., Nikulin E.V., Luk’yanov V.V. et al., Prospects for searching for oil and gas deposits in the Osinsky pay zone in the territory of Nepa-Botuoba anteclise of Eastern Siberia (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 9, pp. 85-89, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-9-85-89

14. Mel’nikov N.V., Efimov A.O., Safronova I.G. et al., Nekompensirovannye progiby i zony vymyvaniya soley v razreze kembriya yuga Sibirskoy platformy (Uncompensated depressions and salt washout zones in the Cambrian section of the southern Siberian platform), Collected papers “Novye dannye po geologii i neftegazonosnosti Sibirskoy platformy” ()New data on the geology and oil and gas potential of the Siberian platform, Novosibirsk: Publ. of SNIIGGiMS, 1980, pp. 36-50.

15. Titorenko T.N., Rasprostranenie vodorosley v osinskom gorizonte Irkutskogo amfiteatra (Distribution of algae in the Osinsky horizon of the Irkutsk amphitheater), Collected papers “Izvestkovye vodorosli i stromatolity (sistematika, biostratigrafiya, fatsial’nyy analiz)” (Calcareous algae and stromatolites (systematics, biostratigraphy, facies analysis)), Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 1988, 232 p.

16. Efimov A.O., Stroenie osinskogo rezervuara severo-vostochnoy chasti Nepsko-Botuobinskoy NGO i faktory, opredelyayushchie ego neftegazonosnost’ na primere Talakanskogo mestorozhdeniya. Rezul’taty rabot po mezhvedomstvennoy regional’noy nauchnoy programme “Poisk” za 1992-1993 gg. (The structure of the Osinsky reservoir of the north-eastern part of the Nepa-Botuobinskaya oil and gas region and the factors determining its oil and gas potential using the example of the Talakan field. Results of work on the interdepartmental regional scientific program “Poisk” for 1992-1993.), Novosibirsk, 1995, Part 1, pp. 115-118.

17. Vorob’ev V.S., Ivanyuk V.V., Vilesov A.P., Promising zones of reservoirs development prediction in the Osin productive horizon, based on the seismic survey materials and the reconstruction of the history of geological development (In Russ.), Geologiya nefti i gaza, 2014, no. 3, pp. 3-16.

18. Varaksina I.V., Ivanova N.A., Lithofacial characteristic and petroleum potential of the Osinsky productive horizon of the Bolshetirsk deposit (Eastern Siberia) (In Russ.), Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov = Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Assets Engineering, 2022, V. 333,

no. 7, pp. 54-63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2022/7/3521

19. Gubina E.A., Tikhonova K.A., Vinokurova O.A. et al., Model of the Osinsky productive horizon (formation B1) in the fields of the Irkutsk region (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 2, pp. 46-51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-2-46-51

20. Semenov V.P., Osobennosti vliyaniya glinistosti na kollektorskie svoystva porod Botuobinskogo gazoneftepromyslovogo rayona (Features of the influence of clay content on the reservoir properties of rocks of the Botuobinsky gas and oil producing region), Collected papers “Geologiya kollektorov nefti i gaza venda – nizhnego paleozoya Sibirskoy platformy” (Geology of Vendian-Lower Paleozoic oil and gas reservoirs of the Siberian platform), Leningrad: Publ. of VNIGRI, 1986, pp. 118-125.

In the exploration and prospecting of geothermal resources, the best practices of exploratory geophysics are usually employed such as regional gravity and magnetic surveys, engineering and ore geophysics, geophysical methods used in oil and gas exploration, and seismic activity monitoring techniques. By integrating various data, a multi-scale subsurface geological and geophysical model is obtained, which ranges from a few meters to several kilometers in depth. The following article presents an approach to the integrated interpretation of geophysical data results, which involves combining electrical, seismic and well logging methods to study the subsurface at different scales (from several meters to tens of kilometers) using the Bolshoye Bannoye geothermal field as a case study. Through the deep analysis of both archival and new geophysical data from the Bolshoye Bannoye site, seismic anomalies, resistivity anomalies, presumed zones of decompression, and disjunctive faults were identified. It is hypothesized that these anomalies share a common origin, potentially related to geothermal transformations. It is important to note that a comprehensive study of the geothermal section enables a comparative analysis of anomalies identified through the geophysical data. As a result, multi-scale methods, sometimes based on different measurement principles, supplement each other, making the analysis more thorough and robust.

References

1. Gidrotermal’nye sistemy i termal’nye polya Kamchatki (Hydrothermal systems and thermal fields of Kamchatka): edited by Sugrobov V.M., Vladivostok: Publ. of DVNTs AN SSSR, 1976, 284 p.

2. Moroz Yu.F., Loginov V.A., Ulybyshev I.S., A deep geoelectric model of the Bol’she-Bannyi hydrothermal system, Kamchatka (In Russ.), Vulkanologiya i seysmologiya = Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 2017, no. 5, pp. 51–61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S0203030617050042

3. Nurmukhamedov A.G., Bath and Karymshinskie hydrothermal systems – Energy sources in the south of Kamchatka (In Russ.), Gornyy informatsionno-analiticheskiy byulleten›, 2017, no. S32, pp. 347–367, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2017-12-32-347-367

4. Pavlova V.Yu., Akbashev R.R., Experience with the 《Python-3》 georadar device in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky city (Kamchatka) (In Russ.), Vestnik KRAUNTs. Fiziko-matematicheskie nauki, 2024, V. 47, no. 2, pp. 143–156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26117/2079-6641-2024-47-2-143-156

5. Kulikov V.A., Korbutyak S.P., Korol’kova A.V., The possibilities of ground-based methods of electrical exploration in the search for buried gold deposits based on 3D modeling (In Russ.), Geofizika, 2022, no. 2, pp. 70–77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.34926/geo.2022.49.57.001

6. Kitsura E., Koulakov I., Girona T. et al., Seismic structure beneath the Avacha and Koryaksky volcanoes in Kamchatka based on the data of permanent and temporary networks, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2023, V. 443, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107937

Hydrocarbon development requires continuous improvement of production forecasting and management methods. The key role in this process is played by the creation and updating of geological and hydrodynamic models. Creation and numerical experiments on a hydrodynamic model is a time-consuming process. The complex geological structure and low state of exploration of carbonate reservoirs add uncertainty to the hydrodynamic modeling process. This, in turn, negatively affects the accuracy of forecasting such reservoirs. A variable approach with the study of all uncertainty factors in some cases enables to qualitatively improve the predictive ability of the model. This article is devoted to the description of the construction of the sector model of carbonate deposits of the Moscovian stage in the area of the unique field in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The model is based on the integration of the results of research work aimed at clarifying the geological structure and modern geological data. The study proposes an increase in the number of applied petrophysical dependencies to provide a more detailed description of the facies variability of carbonate reservoirs. The integration of new data into the process of construction and adaptation of geological and hydrodynamic data enabled to revise the distribution of reserves over the area and over the section of the carbonate deposits.

References

1. Lozin E.V., Razrabotka unikal’nogo Arlanskogo neftyanogo mestorozhdeniya vostoka Russkoy plity (Developing a unique Arlan oil field of the East of the Russian Plate), Ufa: Publ. of BashNIPIneft, 2012, 704 p.

2. Baymukhametov K.S., Enikeev V.R., Syrtlanov A.Sh., Yakupov F.M., Geologicheskoe stroenie i razrabotka Arlanskogo neftyanogo mestorozhdeniya (Geological structure and development of the Arlanskoye oilfield), Ufa: Publ. of Bashneft’, 1997, 368 p.

3. Shaydullin V.A., Medvedev D.A., Vagizov A.M. et al., Experience of water inflow limitation after multi-stage hydraulic fracturing of the carbonate deposits at the Arlanskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 10, pp. 78–82, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-10-78-82

4. Privalova O.R., Gadeleva D.D., Minigalieva G.I. et al., Well logging interpretation for Kashir and Podolsk deposits using neural networks (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2021, no. 1, pp. 69-76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2021-1-69-76

5. Burikova T.V., Savel’eva E.N., Khusainova A.M. et al., Lithological and petrophysical characterization of Middle Carboniferous carbonates (a case study from north-western oil fields of Bashkortostan) (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2017, no. 10, pp. 18–21, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2017-10-18-21

6. Timerkhanov R.F., Vagizov A.M., Shvetsova N.N., Monitoring of drilling results taking into account geological features of the Kashiro-Podolsk deposits of the Arlanskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 2, pp. 22–27, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-2-22-27

7. Leont’evskiy A.V., Gareev A.T., Minigalieva G.I. et al., Features of the geological structure of the Kashir and Podolsk deposits of the unique Arlan field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 9, pp. 50–55, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-9-50-55

8. Pozhitkov N.D., Stupak I.A., Denisov V.V. et al., Approaches to modeling the Kashiro-Podolsk deposits of the Arlanskoe field in the Republic of Bashkortostan

(In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2022, V. 20, no. 5, pp. 45–54, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2022-5-45-54

9. Shvetsova N.N., Timerkhanov R.F., Vagizov A.M. et al., Non-standard tasks and standard solutions for 3D seismic exploration for additional exploration (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 3, pp. 32–36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-3-32-36

In field practice, exposure to carbon dioxide in producing wells is referred to as Huff and Puff technology, which consists of CO2 injection into an oil well followed by an impregnation stage. The technology is effective for various reservoirs and types of oil, while in low-permeability reservoirs with low-viscosity oils, the field experience of using such technology in Russia is limited. This article discusses the results of computational experiments to evaluate the technological effect of CO2 injection into producing wells and their comparison with laboratory and field data, a forecast of CO2 backflow and possible corrosion rates of well equipment and pads. Several factors contribute to the effectiveness: a decrease in oil viscosity when CO2 is dissolved with a relative share of the effect from 30 to 63 %; changes in residual oil saturation and relative phase permeability (27 to 59 %), a relative proportion due to changes in well productivity caused by cleaning and hydrophobization of reservoirs in the bottomhole zone (5 to 17 %). The decrease in waterlogging after CO2 injection averaged 13,8 %. For successful application of the Huff and Puff technology, it is necessary to ensure the volume of CO2 injection per meter of effective reservoir thickness of at least 10 t/m. The impact is more effective where the permeability is higher and the separation of the formation is less, all other things being equal. The subsequent removal of CO2 from the well's production does not lead to significant corrosion of the well equipment and pads.

References

1. Afonin D.G., Vydysh I.V., Galikeev R.M. et al., Features of creating hydrodynamic models of light oil deposits for simulating well treatments with carbon dioxide using the Huff and Puff technology (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2025, no. 6, pp. 50–55, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2025-6-50-55

2. Monger T.G., Coma J.M., A laboratory and field evaluation of the CO2 Huff ‘n’ puff process for light-oil recovery, SPE-15501-PA, 1988,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/15501-PA

3. Thomas G.A., Monger-McClure T.G., Feasibility of Cyclic CO2 injection for light-oil recovery, SPE-15501-PA, 1991, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/20208-PA

4. Morozyuk O.A. et al., Laboratory support of a project on CO2 injection into a low-permeability reservoir (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 10, pp. 103–109, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-10-103-109

5. Nesić S., Postlethwaite J., Vrhovac M., CO2 corrosion of carbon steel – from mechanistic to empirical modeling, Corrosion Reviews, 1997, no. 15,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/CORRREV.1997.15.1-2.211.

6. Tkacheva V.E., Brikov A.V., Lunin D.A., Markin A.N., Lokal’naya CO2-korroziya neftepromyslovogo oborudovaniya (Localized CO2 corrosion of oilfield equipment), Ufa: Publ. of RN-BashNIPIneft’, 2022, 296 p.

7. Abdallah D., Grutters M., Igogo A., Manjit K.S., Dynamic mitigation strategy to flow assurance challenges associated with CO2 EOR in an onshore Abu Dhabi field, SPE-211228-MS, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/211228-MS

8. Chang Yih-B., Coats B.K., Nolen J.S., A compositional model for CO2 floods including CO2 solubility in water, SPE-35164-PA, 1998,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/35164-PA

9. Vasil’evskiy V.N., Gimatudinov Sh.K., Gorbunov A.T. et al., Spravochnoe rukovodstvo po proektirovaniyu razrabotki i ekspluatatsii neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Reference guide for the design, development and operation of oil fields): edited by Gimatudinov Sh.K., Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1983, 455 p.

10. Cheremisin N.A., Issledovanie mekhanizma obrazovaniya parafinogidratnykh probok v neftyanykh skvazhinakh s tsel’yu sovershenstvovaniya metodov bor’by s nim (Study of the mechanism of formation of paraffin hydrate plugs in oil wells with the aim of improving methods of combating it): thesis of candidate of technical science, Tyumen, 1992.

The article discusses the use of the open source software tool MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST) for modeling fracture evolution and fluid filtration in an oil-saturated reservoir. Data structures and computational methods for creating tools for modeling and simulating filtration and geomechanical processes are presented. A phenomenological computational model of the occurrence and development of man-made fractures is proposed, taking into account the dynamics of changes in pressure fields and regional stresses. Hydrodynamic modeling of oil displacement by water in a fractured-porous reservoir with changing fracturing is performed on a two-phase filtration model in a real reservoir system. Calculations were made for various modes of the production-injection well complex for different geological and technological parameters, which enables to determine the optimal production mode. A detailed picture of the dynamics of reservoir flooding and oil displacement is obtained with given parameters of the injection and production wells. Particular attention is paid to modeling the propagation of a fracture in a reservoir and modeling displacement under the condition of fracture propagation taking into account regional stresses and hydraulic resistances. The results confirm the possibility of using MRST for research and educational tasks of studying multiphase filtration of reservoir fluids, modeling the development of fields, including low-permeability reservoirs.

References

1. Prishchepa O.M., The current state of the raw material base and production of hard-to-recover oil reserves in Russia (In Russ.), Mineral’nye resursy Rossii. Ekonomika i upravlenie, 2019, no. 5(168), pp. 14–20.

2. Lie K.A., An introduction to reservoir simulation using matlab/gnu octave: User guide for the MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108591416

3. Lie K.A., Møyner O., Advanced modeling with the MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, September 2021.

4. Lie K.A., Krogstad S., Ligaarden I.S. et al., Open-source MATLAB implementation of consistent discretisations on complex grids, Computational Geosciences, 2012,

V. 16, no. 2, pp. 297–322, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-011-9244-4

5. Krogstad S., Lie K.A., Møyner O. et al., MRST-AD – an open-source framework for rapid prototyping and evaluation of reservoir simulation problems, SPE-173317-MS, 2015, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/173317-MS

6. Salmani N., Fatehi R., Azin R., A double-scale method for near-well flow in reservoir simulation, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2022, V. 208,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2021.109487

7. Shlyapkin A.S., Tatosov A.V., On solving the fracturing problem in a hybrid PKN-KGD formulation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 12,

pp. 118–121, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-12-118-121

8. Chernyy S.G. et al., Metody modelirovaniya zarozhdeniya i rasprostraneniya treshchin (Methods for modeling crack initiation and propagation), Novosibirsk: Publ. of SB RAS, 2016, 312 p.

9. Paullo Munoz L.F., Mejia C., Rueda J., Roehl D., Pseudo-coupled hydraulic fracturing analysis with displacement discontinuity and finite element methods, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2022, V. 274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108774

10. Yun Zhou, Diansen Yang, Xi Zhang et al., Numerical investigation of the interaction between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures in porous media based on an enriched FEM, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2020, V. 235, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107175

11. Detournay E., Cheng A.H.-D., McLennan J.D., A poroelastic PKN hydraulic fracture model based on an explicit moving mesh algorithm, Journal of Energy Resource Technology, 1990, V. 112(4), pp. 224–230, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2905762

12. Baikov V.A., Bulgakova G.T., Il’yasov A.M., Kashapov D.V., Estimation of the geometric parameters of a reservoir hydraulic fracture, Fluid Dynamics, 2018, V. 53(5), pp. 642–653, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0015462818050038

13. Fedorov K.M., Shevelev A.P., Gil’manov A.Ya. et al., A new approach for modeling the development of injection-induced hydraulic fractures (In Russ.), Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Matematika i mekhanika, 2024, no. 91, pp. 125–140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17223/19988621/91/11

14. Gasanov I.R., Dzhamalbekov M.A., Determination of the hydraulic resistance coefficient for oil filtration in fractured formations (In Russ.), Nauka, tekhnika i obrazovanie, 2020, no. 2(66), pp. 67–69.

This article is a continuation of works devoted to the adaptation of A.P. Krylov's formula for evaluating the effectiveness of a waterflooding system for a wide range of geological and technological conditions. The standard approach based on the reverse method of calculating the volumetric sweep efficiency according to a given constant displacement efficiency, on the one hand, does not reflect man-caused changes in the reservoir system, except displacement by water, on the other hand, due to obtaining a single integral value of the volumetric sweep efficiency, significantly narrows the possibilities of using three-dimensional reservoir models, it does not enable targeted assessment of the effectiveness of impact on the reservoir. During the development process, the volumetric sweep efficiency changes as oil is displaced and the displacement efficiency changes due to man-caused processes in the reservoir system, including as a result of oil being pushed into the contoured area or flowing into the gas cap. The application of the proposed algorithm for estimating the current values of displacement and volumetric sweep efficiency while maintaining the reservoir pressure equal to the initial based on three-dimensional reservoir modeling is presented. Using the example of a reservoir model of an oil field, differences in the values of displacement and volumetric sweep efficiency, determined by different methods, are shown.

References

1. Krylov A.P., Sostoyanie teoreticheskikh rabot po proektirovaniyu razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy i zadachi po uluchsheniyu etikh rabot (The state of theoretical work on the design of oil fields and the tasks to improve these works), Collected papers “Opyt razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy i zadachi po uluchsheniyu etikh rabot” (Experience in the development of oil fields and tasks to improve these works), Moscow: Gostoptekhizdast Publ., 1957, pp. 116–139.

2. RD 153-39.0-110-01. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po geologo-promyslovomu analizu razrabotki neftyanykh i gazoneftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Methodical instructions on geological and field analysis of oil and gas fields development), Moscow: Publ. of Ministry of Energy RF, 2002, 59 p.

3. Amelin I.D., Bad’yanov V.A., Vendel’shteyn B.Yu. et al., Podschet zapasov nefti, gaza, kondensata i soderzhashchikhsya v nikh komponentov (Calculation of reserves of oil, gas, condensate and their components): edited by Stasenkov V.V., Gutman I.S., Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1989, 270 p.

4. Pyatibratov P.V., About the physical meaning and definition of the volumetric sweep efficiency in the binomial formula for calculating oil recovery factor (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 4, pp. 80–83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-4-80-83

5. Pyatibratov P.V., Physical meaning of current displacement efficiency and volumetric sweep efficiency and their direct calculation based on three-dimensional reservoir models (In Russ.), Trudy RGU nefti i gaza imeni I.M. Gubkina = Proceedings of Gubkin University, 2025, no. 2(319), pp. 84–93.

6. Pyatibratov P.V., Analysis of the structure of the design oil recovery factor during water-flooding (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2025, no. 3(675), pp. 26–33.

7. Zakirov I.S., Korpusov V.I., Correction of structure of the formula for calculation of oil-recovery ratio (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2006, no. 1, pp. 66–67.

8. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Some conceptual aspects of systematic optimization of oil field development (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2017, no. 2, pp. 58–63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2017-2-58-63

9. Vladimirov I.V., Khisamutdinov N.I., Taziev M.M., Problemy razrabotki vodoneftyanykh i chastichno zavodnennykh zon neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Problems of development of oil-water and partially flooded zones of oil fields), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2007, 360 p.

One of the problems in obtaining accurate predictions of submersible pump failures is the lack of data due to submersible sensor failure. The purpose of the study is to create a reliable model for predicting electric submersible pump (ESP) failures due to insulation reduction when the telemetry sensor fails. Data for training and validation of the model were collected from 76 wells during 2018-2024. The analysis showed that the probability of ESP failure after sensor failure is highest in the first 30 days, it then decreases, and after that it starts to increase again after six months. The average values and standard deviations of the motor operating current and active power for 30 days and their differences with the current daily average values were used as factors influencing the failure. The prediction model was based on Cox proportional hazards regression with time since sensor failure. The failure prediction horizon was 20 days. As a result of testing, the model predicted 4 out of 6 failuers of ESPs operating with reduced insulation. Industrial operation of the developed module of the ARM Technologist system at the field of ZARUBEZHNEFT-Dobycha Kharyaga LLC showed an acceptable accuracy of 3 out of 5 within 5 months

References

1. Sabirov A.A., Degovtsov A.V., Kuznetsov I.V. et al., Forecasting the operating time to failure, selection of design and optimization of procurement of electric centrifugal pump installations for complicated wells stock (In Russ.), Territoriya Neftegaz, 2019, no. 7–8, pp. 44–48.

2. Danilko A.I., Stukach O.V., The software module for evaluation of the failure probability of the well electric submersible pump installation (In Russ.), Sbornik nauchnykh trudov Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta, 2020, no. 1–2 (97), pp. 55–66, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17212/2307-6879-2020-1-2-55-66

3. Shportko A.A., Kulaev E.G., Complex analysis of operation and failures of electric submersible pumping unit (ESP) (In Russ.), Oborudovanie i tekhnologii dlya neftegazovogo kompleksa, 2013, no. 6, pp. 25–29.

4. Dyshin O.A., Abasova S.M., Reliability assessment of electric submersible pumps using censored samples (In Russ.), Nauchnye trudy NIPI Neftegaz GNKAR = SOCAR Proceedings, 2013, no. 4, pp. 61–68, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5510/OGP20130400179

5. Solov’ev I.G., Govorkov D.A., Konstantinov I.V., Estimation of ESP operational resource dynamics using factor-based model (In Russ.), Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov, 2022, V. 333, no. 9, pp. 158–167, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2022/9/3541

6. Shabonas A.R., Electric submersible pump operation mode optimization to increase the run-to-failure time (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2021, no. 8(632),

pp. 30–36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/0207-2351-2021-8(632)-30-36

7. Enikeev R.M., Penzin A.V., Latypov B.M. et al., Increasing the efficiency of operation of complicated oil wells using intelligent algorithms (In Russ.), Stroitel’stvo neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhin na sushe i na more, 2023, no. 8(368), pp. 50–58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/0130-3872-2023-8(368)-50-58

8. Brasil J., Maitelli S., Nascimento J. et al., Diagnosis of operating conditions of the electrical submersible pump via machine learning, Sensors, 2023, V. 23,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010279

9. Youngsoo Song, Sungjun Jun, Tan C. Nguyen et al., Experimental data-driven model development for ESP failure diagnosis based on the principal component analysis, Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2024, V. 14, pp. 1521–1537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-024-01777-9

10. Lakman I.A., Agapitov A.A., Sadikova L.F. et al., Analyzing the possibility of applying machine learning methods in predictive analytics to determine the probability of failures of electric submersible pump assembly (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 8, pp. 132–136, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-9-132-136

The article addresses the increasingly important issue of effectively managing low-rate wells equipped with electric submersible pumps (ESP), particularly at mature stages of reservoir exploitation. Intermittent operation is a cost-effective strategy to increase economic outcomes. However, successful implementation of this approach demands complex, robust algorithms capable of simultaneously optimizing multiple operational parameters. Specifically, optimal schedules should balance power consumption, maximize production efficiency, and minimize operational costs. Moreover, when multiple wells operate under periodic modes, synchronization of their respective work/idle cycles becomes critically important. Misalignment of these cycles can cause significant pressure fluctuations, negatively impacting the hydraulic stability and performance of the oil gathering network. This paper presents innovative computational methods designed explicitly for joint optimization of well clusters. The approach leverages advanced transient multiphase flow modeling techniques, effectively capturing the dynamic behavior of fluid flow under non-steady-state conditions. The developed algorithms efficiently address both individual well dynamics and inter-well interactions, significantly reducing computational complexity while preserving predictive accuracy. The proposed methodology was extensively validated through pilot implementations in oil fields of Western Siberia. Field tests demonstrated the effectiveness of the developed algorithms in improving decision-making processes and operational efficiency. Results clearly indicate improved economic outcomes, optimized resource management, and improved stability of the gathering network. Consequently, the presented methods exhibit high potential for broad industrial application, ensuring sustainable and economically viable reservoir management strategies.

References

1. Yudin E.V., Habibullin R.A., Smirnov N.A. et al., New approaches to gaslift and ESP well stock production management (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 6, pp. 67–73, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-6-67-73

2. Burakov I.M. et al., Integrated hydrodynamic modeling of the well-reservoir system (In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO «NK «Rosneft’», 2009, no. 6,

pp. 15-17.

3. Topol’nikov A.S., Obosnovanie primeneniya kvazistatsionarnoy modeli pri opisanii periodicheskogo rezhima raboty skvazhiny (Justification of the application of the quasi-stationary model in the description of the periodic well operation mode), Proceedings of Institute of Mechanics. R.R. Mavlyutova, 2017, V. 12, no. 1, pp. 15–26,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21662/uim2017.1.003

4. Pashali A.A., Khalfin R.S., Sil’nov D.V. et al., On the optimization of the periodic mode of well production, which is operated by submergible electric pumps in Rosneft Oil Company (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 4, pp. 92-96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-4-92-96

5. Yudin E., Piotrovskiy G., Smirnov N. et al., Modeling and optimization of ESP wells operating in intermittent mode, SPE-212116-MS, 2022,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/212116-MS

6. Yudin E.V., Piotrovskiy G.A., Smirnov N.A. et al., Methods and algorithms for modeling and optimizing periodic operation modes of wells equipped with electric submersible pumps (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 5, pp. 116-122, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-5-116-122

7. Yudin E.V., Piotrovskiy G.A., Smirnov N.A. et al., Group optimization and modeling of mechanized wells operating in intermittent mode, SPE-222942-MS, 2024,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/222942-MS

8. Yudin E.V., Piotrovskiy G.A., Smirnov N.A. et al., Advanced system for managing gas-lift well operations in the eastern sector of the Orenburg oil and gas condensate field, SPE-225638-MS, 2025, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/225638-MS

9. Yudin E., Khabibullin R., Smirnov N. et al., New applications of transient multiphase flow models in wells and pipelines for production management, SPE-201884-RU, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/201884-MS

10. Ansari A.M., Sylvester N.D., Sarica C. et al., A comprehensive mechanistic model for upward two-phase flow in wellbores, SPE-20630-PA, 1994,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/20630-P

11. Gray H.E., Vertical flow correlation in gas wells. User's manual for API 14B surface controlled subsurface safety valve sizing computer program, 2nd ed. Appendix B, Dallas, TX: American Petroleum Institute, 1978.

12. Hagedorn A.R., Brown K.E., Experimental study of pressure gradients occurring during continuous two-phase flow in small-diameter vertical conduits, Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1965, V. 17, pp. 475–484, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/940-PA

13. Brill J.P., Mukherjee H., Multiphase flow in wells, Richardson, TX: Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1999, 342 p.

14. Bratland O., Single-phase flow assurance, Chapter 2, Norway, 2009, pp. 21–92.

Satellite radar remote sensing technology is a promising tool for monitoring changes in the Earth's surface. The actuality of this technology is due to the development of the Russian space group of radar Earth observation. Radar interferometry methods allow creating digital surface models (DSM) and calculating the velocities of earth surface displacements with millimeter accuracy. The purpose of the work is to assess the possibility of using remote sensing data obtained from radar spacecraft for production tasks at oil and gas industry facilities (by the example of monitoring changes in the Earth's surface on the territory of an oil field). Open data Sentinel-1, SNAP software and PyGMTSAR library were used in this work. Differential interferometry methods were used in the calculation, such as the Persistent Scatterers Interferometry method and the Small Baseline Subset method to detect deformation of the Earth's surface with different reflectivity. As a result, DSMs and velocity maps of vertical displacements of the Earth's surface to the area of the oil field were calculated. Perspective directions of application of satellite radar sensing data and existing limitations of data processing technology are highlighted. It is concluded that the considered methods are applicable to functioning infrastructure objects with permanent reflectors. For monitoring objects under construction this technology is applicable only when installing artificial corner reflectors. The received data should be verified by geodetic measurement methods.

References

1. Rukovodstvo pol’zovatelya dannymi distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli, poluchaemymi kosmicheskoy sistemoy “Kondor-FKA” (User’s Guide to Earth Remote Sensing Data Obtained by the Condor-FKA Space System), 2023.

2. Pechnikov A., Mobigroup/gmtsar: Pygmtsar-v2023.3.11, Zenodo, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7725132

3. Ferretti A., Prati C., Rocca F., Permanent scatterers in SAR interferometry, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2001, V. 39, no. 1, pp. 8-20,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1109/36.898661

4. Berardino P., Fornaro G., Lanari R., Sansosti E.E., A new algorithm for surface deformation monitoring based on small baseline differential interferograms, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2002, V. 40, no. 11, pp. 2375–2383, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2002.803792

5. Nazarov R.R., Gilaev D.M., Bulatova L.I., A small-baseline radar interferometry approach to detect surface subsidence in PJSC Tatneft fields (In Russ.), Nedropol’zovanie XXI vek, 2022, no. 4(96), pp. 114–119.

6. Dobrynin I.I., Pesyak F.V., Savin A.I., Sevast’yanov N.N., Measurement of Earth surface displacements by SAR interferometry using corner reflectors (In Russ.), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2017, no. 5(14), pp. 113–121, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21046/2070-7401-2017-14-5-113-121

7. Arkhipkin O.P., Sagatdinova G.N., The use of polarimetric radar data for space monitoring of high waters and floods (In Russ.), Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2017, no. 2(14), pp. 175–184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21046/2070-7401-2017-14-2-175-184

8. Zakharov A.I., Zakharova L.N., Potential of phase measurements in radar interferometry for the observation of emergency situations Bureya landslide case (In Russ.), Radioelektronika. Nanosistemy. Informatsionnye tekhnologii, 2019, no. 1(11), pp. 31–38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17725/rensit.2019.11.031

8. Chimitdorzhiev T.N., Dagurov P.N., Zakharov A.I. et al., Estimation of seasonal deformation of marshy soil by radar interferometry and geodetic leveling techniques (In Russ.), Kriosfera Zemli, 2013, no. 1, pp. 80–87.

The paper proposes an original process flow chart and a mathematical model for methanol regeneration from aqueous solutions. The proposed process flow chart for methanol regeneration from aqueous solutions is based on the principle of adsorption on an adsorbent, it uses the molecular-sieve properties of the adsorbent NaA (without a binder) for methanol regeneration. The mathematical model describing the process of adsorption of a binary solution on an adsorbent is a complex mathematical problem based on the solution of the diffusion equation in spherical coordinates. The concentration of methanol C in an aqueous solution is assumed to be constant, the adsorbent is selected as a spherical shape and with the same radius R of granules to simplify the mathematical model. Modeling the flow of an aqueous solution of methanol, in the adsorber of which the geometric parameters are not known in advance, the Lagrangian coordinate system is used, the way that the concentration of an aqueous solution of methanol depends on the layer number s and time t. To find the diffusion of the water component inside the granule, the Euler approach is used, that is, the concentration inside the adsorbent granule depends on the distance to the center and on time t. It is assumed that in the mathematical model of regeneration of an aqueous solution of methanol, the diffusion coefficient for water is constant.

References

1. Salikhov R.M., Chertovskikh E.O., Gil’mutdinov B.R. et al., Improving the efficiency of measures to prevent hydrate formation at the Yaraktinskoye oil-gas-condensate field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 9, pp. 50–54, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-9-50-54

2. Poputnyy neftyanoy gaz i problema ego utilizatsii (Associated petroleum gas and the problem of its utilization), URL: http://novostienergetiki.ru/poputnyj-neftyanoj-gaz-i-problema-ego-utilizacii/

3. Paranuk A.A., Kunina P.S., Determination of the hydrate-hazardous interval of the well and methods for preventing hydrate formation conditions (In Russ.), Nauka i tekhnika v gazovoy promyshlennosti, 2012, no. 1(49), pp. 33–42.

4. Bulatov A.I., Proselkov Yu.M., Ryabchenko V.I., Tekhnologiya promyvki skvazhin (Well flushing technology), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1981, 303 p.

5. Brenchugina M.V., Buynovskiy A.S., Ismagilov Z.R., The development of purifying technology of process waters of gas condensate field from methanol (In Russ.), Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, 2007, V. 311, no. 3, pp. 64–68.

6. Akhmedov M.I., Technology for treating methanol-containing sewage from oil and gas fields (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2016, no. 5, pp. 106–108.

7. Efimovich D.O. Makhmutov R.A., Improving the efficiency of the methanol regeneration process at the fields of the Far North (In Russ.), Aktual’nye nauchnye issledovaniya v sovremennom mire, 2016, no. 7–1(15), pp. 83–88.

8. Ishmurzin A.A., Miyassarov R.F., Makhmutov R.A., Improving the efficiency of methanol regeneration systems (In Russ.), Nauka i obrazovanie segodnya, 2017, no. 11(22), pp. 26–27.

9. Zhdanov S.P., Khvoshchev S.S., Samulevich N.N., Sinteticheskie tseolity: Kristallizatsiya, strukturno-khimicheskoe modifitsirovanie i adsorbtsionnye svoystva (Synthetic zeolites: Crystallization, structural-chemical modification and adsorption properties), Moscow: Khimiya Publ., 1981, 264 p.

10. Paranuk A.A., Bunyakin A.V., Tliy D.A., Khrisonidi V.A., Development of a mathematical model for calculating a methanol regeneration unit on micro porous adsorbents (zeolites)

(In Russ.), Khimicheskoe i neftegazovoe mashinostroenie, 2021, no. 8, pp. 33–36.

11. Paranuk A.A., Khrisonidi V.A., A promising method for separating binary methanol–water solutions, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 2018, V. 53, no. 11–12, pp. 773–777,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10556-018-0420-4.

12. Paranuk A.A., A mathematical model for calculating the adsorbers for drying and concentration of methanol on zeolites, Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 2017, V. 53, no. 1–2, pp. 41–43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10556-017-0291-0

13. Paranuk A.A., Khrisonidi V.A., Ponomareva G.V., KACO zeolite adsorption of ethyl alcohol, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2016, V. 11, No. 13, pp. 2876–2877,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/jeasci.2016.2876.2877

14. Paranuk A.A., Khrisonidi V.A., Skhalyakho Z.Ch., Shugalei A.I., Technological scheme development of the azeotropic mix separation, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2016, V. 11, no. 13, pp. 2878–2880, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/jeasci.2016.2878.2880

The article deals with the control of thawing of permafrost soils in the wellhead zone of production wells using geophysics methods. An important aspect in the construction and operation of wells in the cryolithozone is the preservation of the rocks of the near-well space in a frozen state during the entire period of operation. Therefore, a significant role is assigned to monitoring the dynamics of rock thawing in the upstream zone of production wells at all bush sites located on permafrost rocks. The main method of control is thermometry. However, its propagation distance and information content are very small, as a result of which it is impossible to determine the actual dimensions of the melted strata in space at the entire depth of permafrost soils in the Far North. In turn, the development of high-quality and effective solutions for geotechnical monitoring, minimizing environmental impacts and maintaining safe working conditions are impossible without sufficient information about soils and rocks.

The task of obtaining more complete and reliable information about the structure and condition of permafrost rocks will be solved by geophysical methods based on digital technologies. The article discusses seismic and electrical exploration methods. The possibility of identifying thawing zones and monitoring the dynamics of their growth based on seismic exploration data was practically confirmed, but when based on electrical exploration data, it requires confirmation at real existing sites.

References

1. On approval of the federal norms and regulations in the field of industrial safety “Safety Rules in the Oil and Gas Industry”: Order of Rostechnadzor dated December 15, 2020, no. 534

2. GOST 25358-2020. Soils. Field method of determining the temperature.

3. Moldakov V.V., Romanov V.V., Primenenie metoda mnogokanal'nogo analiza poverkhnostnykh voln (MASW) (Application of the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) method), Proceedings of scientific and practical conference and exhibition “Inzhenernaya geofizika’2014” (Engineering Geophysics’2014), Gelendzhik: EAGE, 2014, V. 10, pp. 1-10.

4. SP 11-105-97. Inzhenerno-geologicheskie izyskaniya dlya stroitel’stva (Engineering and geological surveys for construction). Part VI. Pravila proizvodstva geofizicheskikh issledovaniy (Rules for the production of geophysical research).

The following article examines the problem of improving the efficiency of industrial safety management systems for marine oil terminals, which are an important component in the process of implementation of the Energy Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period of up to 2050. The relevance of this problem is noted due to the average age of offshore oil terminals in Russia, which is about 20 years. The authors analyzed the existing system of monitoring and assessing the technical condition as an element of the functioning of existing industrial safety management systems for marine oil terminals. It is shown in the article that the existing system of monitoring and assessing the technical condition of marine oil terminals, despite its high efficiency, does not guarantee the prevention of emergency situations in such technically complex systems as marine oil terminals. To address this problem, the authors propose to implement and introduce the concept of protection against industrial disasters. A modern system is proposed which is based on the implementation of predictive monitoring and assessment of accumulated damage to objects. Particular attention in the work is paid to examining the proposed predictive monitoring system for marine oil terminals, its main elements, and the principle of operation.

References

1. URL: https://minenergo.gov.ru/ministry/energy-strategy

2. Russian Federal Law No.116-FZ of 21.07.1997, “On industrial safety of hazardous production facilities”, https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_15234/.

3. Makhutov N.A., Topical security issues of critical and strategic facilities (In Russ.), Zavodskaya laboratoriya. Diagnostika materialov, 2018, V. 84, no. 1(I), pp. 5–9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-1-I-05-09

4. Gorban› N.N., Vasil’ev G.G., Leonovich I.A., Sal’nikov A.P., Study of the functioning models of tank farms of marine terminals in the Russian Federation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 1, pp. 77–80, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-1-77-80

5. Gorban› N.N., Razrabotka metodiki monitoringa malotsiklovoy ustalosti v lokal’nykh geometricheskikh defektakh stenki rezervuarov morskikh terminalov nefti (Development of a technique for monitoring low-cycle fatigue in local geometric defects in the walls of tanks at sea oil terminals): thesis of candidate of technical science, Moscow, 2021.

6. SP 350.1326000.2018. Normy tekhnologicheskogo proektirovaniya morskikh portov (Standards for technological design of sea ports), URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/550965467

7. Kirichenko A.V., Izotov O.A., Gay V.A. et al., Tekhnologicheskie protsessy morskikh neftenalivnykh terminalov: monografiya (Technological processes of marine oil terminals): edited by Kirichenko A.V., St. Petersburg: MANEB Publ., 2015, 192 p.

8. Makhutov N.A., Scientific basis for comprehensive justification of safety of offshore underwater pipelines and facilities (In Russ.), Morskaya nauka i tekhnika, 2025, no. 19, pp. 20–29.

9. Makhutov N.A., Gadenin M.M., Kompleksnyy analiz resursa i bezopasnosti VVER v shtatnykh i avariynykh situatsiyakh (Comprehensive analysis of the resource and safety of a water-moderated power reactors in normal and emergency situations), URL: https://textarchive.ru/c-1530834.html.

An overview of the current state of methods for cleaning the water surface from oil spill is given. The problem and the existing ways of its solution are formulated. Based on the experimental studies of the operation of jet devices and on the previous scientific and practical experience of the authors, this method of mechanical cleaning the water surface and bottom sediments using the ejection effect is proposed. Two designs of a float jet apparatus were developed, in one an ejection is created directly by the flow of liquid flowing from the working nozzle of the pump, and in the second, a vacuum is created by a jet water-air apparatus located at a distance. In both cases, a float is provided to regulate the depth of immersion of the device on the water surface. A device for bottom ejection of the fuel oil deposited on the bottom was developed. This jet device differs from conventional bottom-bottom pumping systems by the design of the suction cavity, which is a comb at the entrance of which vortices are formed, stirring up the bottom sediment. In addition, a confusor version of the jet pump is used, which is more efficient with a high soil content in the pumped mixture. A design estimate of the performance of the devices during the ejection of hydrocarbon liquid from the sea surface and the bottom removal of heavy hydrocarbons was calculated.

References

1. Pakhlyan I.A., Rodionov V.P., Struynye sistemy v neftegazovoy otrasli (Jet systems in the oil and gas industry), Armavir: Publ. of Kuban State Technological University, Armavir Institute of Mechanics and Technology, 2005, 67 p.

2. Nagheeby M. Kolahdoozan M., Numerical modeling of two-phase fluid flow and oil slick transport in estuarine water, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 2010, V. 7(4),

pp. 771–784, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326186

3. Keramea P. et al., Oil spill modeling: A critical review on current trends, perspectives, and challenges, Journal of marine science and engineering, 2021, V. 9, no. 2,

pp. 181.

4. Pakhlyan I.A., Problems and prospects of using hydro-ejector mixers in the preparation of drilling fluids and process liquids (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 11, pp. 112–114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-11-112-114

5. Pakhlyan I.A., Experimental assessing conformity of the theoretical equation of characteristics of jet mixer for the preparation of drilling flushing and grouting solutions (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 11, pp. 94–97, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-11-94-97

6. Dobik Yu.A., Some aspects of technological provision of a horizontal wellbore cleaning from drilling mud while drilling (In Russ.), Stroitel'stvo neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhin na sushe i na more, 2016, no. 5, pp. 12–16.

The article examines the factors that determine the effectiveness of demulsifiers (DE) for dehydrating high-viscosity oils on the example of MACROMER Company fundamental research. It is shown that demulsifiers produced by MACROMER Company are not only as effective as imported reagents, but even exceed their demulsifying efficiency. However, the development of fully domestic DE requires the correct reagents selection and their mixtures optimization. For example, it is established that reagents with a molar mass of about 6000-7000 g/mol have the maximum demulsifying efficiency for dehydrating high-viscosity oils. And to optimize the composition of DE, a special dielectric method is proposed, which enables to determine the intermolecular interactions. It is substantiated that in highly efficient DE these interactions should be maximal. It is also established that to achieve qualitative dehydration of high-viscosity water-in-oil emulsions, it is necessary to ensure intensive mixing of the emulsions with DE. As a result of these studies, new demulsifiers were developed that can dehydrate even very high viscosity, almost non-flowable emulsions at no more than 200 g/t of oil dosages. The peculiarity of these demulsifiers was their ability to reduce the viscosity of highly viscous crude oils by several times and reduce the viscosity of emulsions from such oils.

References

1. Semikhina L.P., Kovaleva I.V., Antipova E.A. et al., Import-substituting demulsifiers produced by the Science Development Production Company MACROMER in the name of V.S. Lebedev and the scientific basis of their development (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 4, pp. 103-106,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-4-103-106

2. Yakhin B.A., Povyshenie effektivnosti podgotovki nefti na promyslakh za schet primeneniya usovershenstvovannykh struynykh gidravlicheskikh smesiteley s vikhrevymi ustroystvami (Improving the efficiency of oil treatment at the fields through the use of improved hydraulic jet mixers with vortex devices): thesis of candidate of technical science, Ufa, 2022.

3. Patent RU 2301253 C1, Method of revealing synergetic effect in composite demulsifiers from low-frequency dielectric measurements, Inventors: Semikhina L.P., Semikhin D.V.

4. Semikhina L.P., Nizkochastotnaya diel’kometriya zhidkostey v slabykh vikhrevykh elektricheskikh polyakh (Low-frequency dielectric metering of liquids in weak vortex electric fields): thesis of doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, Tyumen’, 2001.

5. Semikhina L.P., Plotnikova D.V., Perekupka A.G., Zhuravskiy D.V., Demulsifiers effectiveness increase due to their nano-modifications production (In Russ.), Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2009, no. 6, pp. 88–93.

6. Patent RU 2413754 C1, Procedure for separation of water-oil emulsions with utilisation of nano de-emulsifiers, Inventor: Semikhina L.P.

7. Ivanov S.S., Tarasov M.Y., On conducting additional experimental studies of the properties of reservoir fluids in the design of oil field development (In Russ.), PRONEFT’’. Professional’no o nefti = PROneft. Professionally about Oil, 2021, no.1, pp. 83-87, DOI: https://doi.org/10.51890/2587-7399-2021-6-1-83-87

8. Gonzalo R., Hallahan G., The effects of high efficiency mixers and critical process variables in the optimization of demulsifiers injection rates, Petrochemicals Middle East, 2021, no 1, pp. 24-27, URL: https://www.prosep.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/RPME-JANUARY-2021-P24-27-LR.pdf

9. Kazartsev E.V., Osnovy sozdaniya strueinzhektsionnogo smesitelya s sinkhronizatsiey dozirovaniya deemul’gatora dlya intensifikatsii obessolivaniya i obezvozhivaniya nefti (Fundamentals of creating a jet-injection mixer with synchronized dosing of demulsifier for intensifying desalination and dehydration of oil): thesis of candidate of technical science, Ukhta, 2020.

10. Sidorov G.M., Yakhin B.A., Akhmetov R.F., Modeling process of static mixers (oil-water) for desalting crude oil and pilot-industrial testing (In Russ.), Uspekhi sovremennogo estestvoznaniya = Advances in current natural sciences, 2017, no. 2, pp. 152–156, URL: https://natural-sciences.ru/ru/article/view?id=36378

11. Pat. RU 159236 U1, MPK B01F 5/00, Struynyy gidravlicheskiy smesitel’ (Struynyy gidravlicheskiy smesitel’), Inventors: Galiakbarov V.F., Galiakbarova E.V., Yakhin B.A.

12. Grokhotova E.V., Mukhina N.M., Sidorov G.M., Study of oil dehydration methods in Kaliningrad region (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2019, no. 3, pp. 251–267,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2019-3-251-267

13. Myakishev E.A., Sovershenstvovanie tekhnologii podgotovki nefti v apparate s pryamym podogrevom i koalestsiruyushchimi elementami (Improving the technology of oil preparation in a device with direct heating and coalescing elements): thesis of candidate of technical science, Tyumen, 2022.

14. Mukhamadeev R.U., Intensifikatsiya protsessa rassloeniya vodoneftyanykh emul’siy vysokovyazkikh neftey (Intensification of the process of stratification of water-oil emulsions of high-viscosity oils): thesis of candidate of technical science, Ufa, 2020.

15. Sudykin S.N., Sovershenstvovanie tekhnologiy obezvozhivaniya tyazhelykh neftey Permskoy sistemy Respubliki Tatarstan (Improving technologies for dehydration of heavy oils of the Perm system of the Republic of Tatarstan): thesis of candidate of technical science, Bugul’ma, 2011.

16. Rakitin A.R., Pappel K.Kh., Kiselev S.A., Hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of domestic oilfield demulsifiers in current use (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 10, pp. 104-108, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-10-104-108