Compensation of the near-surface section through the layer replacement method using 4D regularization of seismic data

UDK: 550.832.4

DOI: 10.24887/0028-2448-2025-8-13-15

Key words: 4D regularization, horizontal velocity spectra, account of the influence of the near-surface, method of layer replacement

Authors: E.A. Kozlova (Tyumen Petroleum Research Center LLC, RF, Tyumen); A.P. Pravdukhin (Tyumen Petroleum Research Center LLC, RF, Tyumen); O.A. Gibaeva (Tyumen Petroleum Research Center LLC, RF, Tyumen); N.A. Ushatinskaya (Tyumen Petroleum Research Center LLC, RF, Tyumen); R.S. Melnikov (Rosneft Oil Company, RF, Moscow)

When reprocessing archival 2D/3D seismic data with low fold, it is often impossible to build a near-surface model based on first break picking. This problem is especially relevant in data obtained from the vibrational seismic source. One possible solution to compensate the influence of the near-surface section for such surveys is the method of layer replacement using the confidently tracked upper reflective horizon that is continuous across the entire survey. For the first time, the results of using 4D regularization at the kinematic processing stage are published by Rosneft Oil Company. This application enables to obtain higher-quality horizontal spectra for velocity estimation in the layer replacement method by using an algorithm for recovering missing data, thereby improving the accuracy of structural modeling. 4D regularization successfully solves such problems in the layer replacement method as: data gaps due to displaced or skipped source points, and a limited number of traces in the near-offset range for horizontal velocity analysis along the upper reflecting horizons. 4D regularisation before the calculation of horizontal spectra for the layer replacement method has been successfully tested at Rosneft Oil Company in 2024 during the reprocessing of archival narrow azimuth 3D survey data and can be used in the future for other projects.

References

1. Ozdogan Y., Seismic data processing, Tulsa: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1987, Part 2, 586 p.

2. Noskov A.V., Starkov K.R., Yurikova A.V., Yakovlev A.P., Analisys of the seismic data regularization affect. Case study for Caribbean, Black and Okhotsk seas

(In Russ.), Tekhnologii seysmorazvedki, 2011, no. 1, pp. 46–51.

3. Trad D., Deere J., Cheadle S., Wide azimuth interpolation, Proceedings of 68th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2006,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201402126

4. Trad D., Five dimensional seismic data interpolation, Proceedings of 70th EAGE Conference and Exhibition incorporating SPE EUROPEC, 2008, pp. 978–982.

5. User Manual “Sistema interpretatsionnoy obrabotki seysmicheskikh dannykh Prime” (Prime Seismic Data Interpretation Processing System), Moscow: Publ. of Seysmotek, 2023.