Abnormally luminescing thin layers (ALTL) in sediments of the Bazhenov Formation in limits of the West Siberia petroliferous basin were investigated which were discovered on the territory of Tomsk and Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous district. Investigations of mineral composition of this luminescent layers have shown that they composed mainly by clayey phases with some admixtures of terrigenous (quartz, feldspars) and other neogenic minerals, along with thin section research have shown the occurrence of mineral components and textural and structural features peculiar to the tuff rocks. Searching in the more detail manner of the clay fraction in the ALTL by XRD and IR spectroscopy methods has proved this assumption. Main clay minerals of ALTL are kaolinite and illite, which has occurred in the result of secondary alteration of pyroclastic components in the volcanic tuff rocks analogically tonsteins in the coal beds. But under dominant role of the kaolinite phase the illite/tobelite/smectite mixed-layered mineral compounds firstly have discovered in the Bazhenov shales. ALTL are devoid by kerogen and have not the character composition for Bazhenov shales and having the significant amounts of nitrogen in the same time. Assuming that initially these layers had volcanic origin and then have been transformed mainly into clay minerals consequently of katagenetic alteration of pyroclastic and volcanic material in the presence of high amount of kerogen. The illite/tobelite/smectite mixed-layered mineral with high content of nitrogen-containing compounds firstly discovered in Bazhenov Formation can be characterized as the mineral-indicator for ‘black shales’ rocks.
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