The later stages of the development of many oil fields in the Russian Federation require the use of additional methods for increasing oil recovery, which leads to an increase in the content of the aqueous phase in the produced hydrocarbon products. Formation water, which is almost always present in the operation of oilfield facilities, provokes the development of major complications that lead to intensive corrosion of equipment in the stages of extraction, collection, preparation, transportation, processing and storage of oil. Corrosive aggressiveness of field fluids is caused by the presence of dissolved acid gases (CO2, O2 и H2S), abrasive particles, basic ions of salts (Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, SO42-, Cl-), water-soluble mineral and organic acids and bases, and the presence anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms whose metabolic products provoke biological corrosion of metal and biofouling. Analysis of statistical data on accidents and destruction of oilfield equipment has shown that corrosion of metal and contamination of transported raw materials by its products can be attributed to the main types of complications that considerably shorten the life of pipelines and technical systems. Studies have shown that the electric polarization of water-salt solutions allows localizing in their volume a region with a high content of hydroxyl ions, which, in the case of electrochemical corrosion, significantly alkalize cathodic sections of micro-galvanic elements, lead to the formation of stable corrosion products having sufficiently high continuity, and effectively protect the metal from self-dissolution. An increase in pH and a decrease in Eh in the polarization of water-salt solutions contribute to a significant reduction in the rate of corrosion of oil equipment (for example, in reservoir pressure maintenance systems, an average of 3.7 times). These parameters can be controlled by polarization of water-salt solutions with current strength at working electrodes of 2 A with the help of a specially designed unit UIS 1-50-4.0 1M.
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