January 2013
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The oil and gas industry

A.E. Kontorovich, L.V. Eder, V.Yu. Nemov (A.A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Sibirian Branch of RAS, Novosibirsk)
Oil and gas in the Russian economics

DOI:
E-mail: Kontorovichae@ipgg.sbras.ru, EderLV@yandex.ru,
NemovVU@ipgg.sbras.ru

Key words: oil and gas complex, proceeds, net income, gold and foreign
currency reserves, the reserve fund, the federal budget, oil and gas revenues,
capitalization.

The complex of economic and financial indicators, reflecting the operation
of the oil and gas industry of Russia in 2011, is considered. The analysis of price
conjuncture of the basic energy carriers taking into account their sales in
the domestic and international markets is carried out. The base economic indicators
of the oil and gas complex operation with differentiation by companies
are analyzed. The tax burden on the companies of the oil and gas
complex is considered. Their role at the formation of the federal budget revenues
is shown. The activity of specialized funds and reserves, forming at the
expense of means, incoming from the oil and gas complex, is analyzed. The
structure of the stock market of Russia and the world, taking into account individual
companies of the oil and gas complex, is given.

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Geology and geologo-prospecting works

Glebov A.F.(International Group of Companies Soyuzneftegaz, RF, Moscow)
Quantitative risk and geo-technological success assessment of oil exploration project in Russia in 1992-2011 and util 2021

DOI:
E-mail: GlebovAF@sng.msk.ru
Key words: : investment projects, oil exploration assets, probability of success
(POS), geological, technological, economic risks.
The method of quantitative evaluation of geological, technological and
economic risks is suggested. The data on 579 oil and gas exploration projects
of the distributed subsoil fund of three regions of the Russian Federation are
processed with its use. It is shown that, in spite of the virtually reached double
overstating of the existing resource base, the expected hydrocarbon stocks
addition in Russia until 2021 (on the assumption of realization of all investment
projects prepared for drilling) may amount 109% to actually achieved stocks
addition in 1992 - 2011.
References
1. Rose P.R., Risk analysis & management of petroleum exploration ventures:
AAPG, Tulsa, 2001, 164 p.
2. Vremennoe polozhenie ob etapakh i stadiyakh geologorazvedochnykh
rabot na neft' i gaz (Temporary regulations on the stages and phases of exploration
for oil and gas): Application no. 1 to the Order of the Ministry of Natural
Resources, the no.126 of 07.02.2001, Moscow: Publ. of Ministry of Natural
Resources of RF, 2001, 14 p.
3. Glebov A.F., Neft' i kapital - Oil & Capital, 2001, no. 10, pp. 83-86.
4. Glebov A.F., Koshovkin I.N., Krivosheev E.V. et al., Vestnik Inzhiniringovogo
Tsentra YuKOS, 2001, no. 1, pp. 27-32.
5. Glebov A.F., Geologo-matematicheskoe modelirovanie neftyanogo rezervuara
(Geological and mathematical modeling of the oil reservoir),
Moscow: Nauchnyy mir Publ., 2006, 344 p.
6. Amon A.E., Alekseev V.P., Glebov A.F., et al., Stratigrafiya i paleografiya
mezozoysko-kaynozoyskogo osadochnogo chekhla Shaimskogo neftegazonosnogo
rayona (Zapadnaya Sibir') (Stratigraphy and paleography of the
Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary cover of Shaim oil and gas region (West
Siberia)), Ekaterinburg: Publ. of Ural State Mining University, 2010, 257 p.
7. Glebov A.F., Nefteservis, 2012, no. 4 (20), pp. 58-60.

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S.B. Denisov, E.A. Popova, P.A. Shakhov (VNIIneft OAO, RF, Moscow)
Features of oil pool modeling at unconcordant strata bedding

DOI:
E-mail: sbdenisov@gmail.com
Key words: stratigraphic surfaces, unconcordance, washouts, roof, surface
of stratum, model parametric framework.
The experience of the construction of the structural framework of the geological
model in conditions of unconcordant productive strata bedding is
considered. Ways of construction of structural and parametric model framework
are analyzed. The method of restoring the stratigraphic thicknesses in
the area of the strata roof washout and in the absence of the lower stratigraphic
boundary, untapped by drilling, that allows the correct partition of
References
1. Izotova T.S., Denisov S.B., Vendel'shteyn B.Yu., Sedimentologicheskiy analiz
dannykh promyslovoy geofiziki (Sedimentation analysis of well logging),
Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1993, 176 p.
2. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po sozdaniyu postoyanno deystvuyushchikh geologo-
tekhnologicheskikh modeley neftyanykh i neftegazovykh mestorozhdeniy
(Guidance on the establishment of a permanent geotechnical models
of oil and gas fields), Part 1 “Geologicheskie modeli” (Geological models),
Moscow: Publ. of OAO “VNIIOENG”, 2003, 164 p.
3. Zaloeva G.M., Denisov S.B., Bilibin S.I., Geologo-geofizicheskoe modelirovanie
zalezhey nefti i gaza (Geological and geophysical modeling of oil
and gas deposits), Moscow: MAX Press, 2008, 209 p.
the cut at the construction of a model parametric grid, is proposed. The
structural framework, reflecting the actual occurrence and connectivity of
thin-layer section interlayers, is constructed.


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V.P. Volkov, L.S. Brilliant (Tyumen Institute of Oil and Gas CJSC, RF, Tyumen)
Geological aspects of the reservoir of Shercalinskaya suite of Talinskaya area

DOI:
E-mail: VolkovVP@togi.ru
Key words: «super-reservoir», Sherkalinskaya suite, channel facies, quartzite
gravel stone, high permeability, low core recovery, oil-wet reservoir, «superreservoir» volume.

For a long time ago, Talinskaya area of Krasnoleninskoye field is known as one
of the most complicated oil field of national oil industry. A lot of specialists,
who investigate the issues of field development, associate current situation
with geological aspect of the reservoir of pay zones UK10 and UK11. The present
work is concerned with understanding nature of «super-reservoir»
through investigation conditions of forming pay zones of Sherkalinskaya suite,
composition of rock analysis, variability reservoir properties. 3D geological
model was created based on conceptual model of «super-reservoir».

References
1. Shakirova Kh.G., Temnov G.N., Neftepromyslovoe delo, 1993, no. 11-12.
2. Report on the subject “Analiz struktury i podvizhnosti ostatochnykh zapasov
na obvodnennykh ploshchadyakh Talinskogo mestorozhdeniya” (Analysis of
the structure and mobility of remaining reserves in the flooded areas of Talin
field), authors: Tverkovkin M.V., Mikhaylov N.N., Moscow, 2001.
3. Kashik A.S., Leybin E.L., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2003, no. 4,
pp. 92-95.
4. Pastukh P.I., Proceedings of the SibNIINP, 1987, pp. 168-182.
5. Nezhdanov A.A., Ogibenin V.V., Baburin A.N. et al., Collected works “Razvedochnaya
geofizika: obzor” (Exploration geophysics: review), Part 2, 1992, 101 p.
6. Brilliant L.S., Kozlova T.N., Dubyaga S.A. et al., Proceedings of the 8th scientific and practical conference “Puti realizatsii neftegazovogo potentsiala
KhMAO” (Ways of implementation of Petroleum Potential of the KhMAO),
2005, pp. 476-488.
7. Garipov O.M., Belin V.I., Proceedings of the SibNIINP, 1991, pp. 32-38.
8. Belkin V.I. , Bachurin A.K., Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR - Transactions (Doklady) of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Earth Science Sections, 1990,
V. 310, no. 6, pp. 1414-1416.
9. Belkin V.I. , Garipov O.M., Proceedings of the SibNIINP, 1990, pp. 165-169.
10. Borkun F.Ya., Pyatkov M.I.., Proceedings of the SibNIINP, 1990, pp. 169-184.
11. Zubkov M.Yu. , Dvorak S.V., Bakuev O.V., Romanov E.A., Proceedings of the ZapSibNIGNI, 1989, pp. 159-167.
12. Garipov O.M. , Dubkov I.B., Proceedings of the SibNIINP,1991, pp. 21-32.
13. Abdullin R.A., Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR - Transactions (Doklady) of the
Russian Academy of Sciences. Earth Science Sections, 1991, V. 2, pp. 422-424.
14. Podschet zapasov nefti i rastvorennogo gaza na osnove geologo-tekhnologicheskoy modeli Krasnoleninskogo mestorozhdeniya Khanty-Mansiyskogo AO Tyumenskoy oblasti (v predelakh litsenzionnoy deyatel'nosti OAO “TNKNyagan'”) (The evaluation of oil and dissolved gas on the basis of geological and technological model of Krasnoleninskoye field of the Khanty-Mansiysk region (within the licensed activity of OJSC "TNK-Nyagan")), Moscow, 2003, 698 p.

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D.E. Zagranovskaya, G.M. Shestakova, V.V. Zhukov, A.E. Simakov, E.V. Stremichev (Gazpromneft NTC LLC, RF, Saint-Petersburg)
The influence of accumulation and secondary migration of hydrocarbons on properties change and fluids composition in Permian-Carboniferois complex of the Pechora shelf

DOI:
E-mail: Zagranovskaya.DE@gazpromneft-ntc.ru
Key words: mountain building, migration, sequence of stratigraphy, light
and heavy oil, Timano-Pechora province.

The actual material and exploration data indicate that the spatial distribution
of reservoirs in the carbonate complexes of the Pechora shelf is controlled
by structural forms. In addition, a tectonic factor has a significant impact
on the safety of hydrocarbon accumulations and their properties.

References
1. Stupakova A.V., Sbor i obobshchenie geologo-geofizicheskikh dannykh
i otsenka resursnogo uglevodorodnogo potentsiala v predelakh
Pechorskogo morya i prilegayushchey sushi Nenetskogo avtonomnogo
okruga (Collection and compilation of geological and geophysical
data and the evaluation of the resource hydrocarbon potential within
the Pechora Sea and adjacent land of Nenets Autonomous Area)b
Moscow: Publ. of Moscow State University, 2009. – 300 ð.
2. Report “Obobshchenie geologo-geofizicheskikh dannykh po Pechorskomu
moryu i prilegayushchey sushe Nenetskogo avtonomnogo
okruga s tsel'yu vyyavleniya perspektivnykh napravleniy geologorazvedochnykh
rabot” (Synthesis of geological and geophysical data on the
Pechora Sea and adjacent land of Nenets Autonomous Area in order
to identify promising areas for geological exploration), prepared by Bogomolova
N.A., Kuz'min D.A.
3. Geologiya i poleznye iskopaemye Rossii (Geology and mineral resources
of Russia), V. 1: Zapad Rossii i Ural (West of Russia and the Urals),
St. Petersburg: Publ. of VSEGEI, 2004. – 50 ð.
4. Kamaletdinov M.A., Kazantseva T.T., Kazantsev Yu.V., Collected works
“Endogennye protsessy formirovaniya zemnoy kory Yuzhnogo Urala”
(Endogenous processes of formation of the crust of the Southern Urals),
1988.
5. Tsybul'skiy P.G., Ryzhov A.E., Lyugay D.V., Report on the research work
“Eksperimental'nye issledovaniya kerna i otsenki riska razrusheniya prizaboynoy
zony plasta na osnovanii matematicheskogo modelirovaniya
po Prirazlomnomu mestorozhdeniyu” (Experimental studies of core
samples and risk assessment of destruction bottomhole formation zone
on the basis of mathematical modeling Prirazlomnoye oil field),
Moscow: Publ. of Gazprom VNIIGAZ, 2010.
6. Afanas'ev Yu.V., Tsivinskaya L.V., Zalezh' uglevodorodov kak samoorganizuyushchayasya
sistema (Hydrocarbon deposit as a self-organizing
system), Samara: Publ. of Samara State Technical University.
7. Sakhibgareev R.S., Vtorichnye izmeneniya kollektorov v protsesse
formirovaniya i razrusheniya neftyanykh zalezhey (Secondary changes
of collectors in the formation and of destruction of oil deposits),
Leningrad: Nedra Publ., 1989. – 260 ð.

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A.Yu. Khromovskikh (National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, TomskNIPIneft JSC, RF, Tomsk)
Basic mechanisms and factors of forming of the Upper Jurassic hydrocarbon accumulations of Kaymysovskiy arch (Tomsk region)

DOI:
E-mail: KhromovskikhAY@mail.ru
Key words: hydrocarbon generation, migration, reservoir, oil reservoir.

It is noted that the forming of the Upper Jurassic oil deposits of Kaymysovskiy
arch occurred through migration of hydrocarbons from the Bazhenovskaya
suite sediments into the underlying reservoirs of Vasyuganskaya suite. The
main factors affecting the formation of deposits, are the presence or absence
of impermeable bed between the generating thickness and accumulating
reservoir , lithofacies characteristic of reservoirs and their poroperm
properties, rocks fracturing, the structure of the pore space of the reservoir
and its changes as a result of the superimposed epigenesis processes.
References
1. Vassoevich N.B., Geokhimiya organicheskogo veshchestva i proiskhozhdenie
nefti (Geochemistry of organic matter and the oil genesis), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1986, 368 p.
2. Gurari F.G., Geologiya nefti i gaza – The journal Oil and Gas Geology, 1984,
no. 2, pp. 1-5.
3. Nesterov I.I., Kriterii prognozov neftegazonosnosti (Criteria forecasts petroleum), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1969, 335 p.
4. Ar'e A.G., Geologiya nefti i gaza – The journal Oil and Gas Geology, 1996,
no. 7, pp. 4-11.
5. Goncharov I.V., Samoylenko N.V., Oblasov N.V. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2006, no. 8, pp. 28-33.
6. Sakhibgareev R.S., Vtorichnye izmeneniya kollektorov v protsesse
formirovaniya i razrusheniya neftyanykh zalezhey (Secondary changes of collectors
in the formation and destruction of oil fields), Leningrad: Nedra Publ.,
1989, 260 p.

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I.N. Plotnikova, N.V. Pronin, F.F. Nosova (Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, RF, Kazan)
On the source of oil generation in Pashiysky horizon of Romashkinskoye oil field

DOI:
E-mail: irena-2005@rambler.ru, nikita.oilgeol@mail.ru,
fida64@mail.ru
Key words: Romashkinskoye oil field, biomarkers, geochemical
investigation, organic matter, the generation of hydrocarbons.
Article related study of the source of oil generation Pashiysky horizon.
Pashiysky horizon - it is the main development object of Romashkinskoye oil
field. Based on the results of geochemical studies of oil from Pashiysky horizon
and dispersed organic matter from Semiluki horizon, it was concluded that
source of oil from Pashiysky horizon not related with oil source organic matter
in Semiluki horizon. 
References
1. Gatiyatullin N.S., Tarasov E.A., Anan'ev V.V., Razvedka i okhrana nedr, 2005,
no. 2-3, pp. 39-43.
2. Gordadze G.N., Tikhomirov V.I., Geokhimiya - Geochemistry International,
2005, no. 11, pp. 1208-1223.
3. Gottikh R.P., Pisotskiy B.I., Proceedings of the Russian conference with international participation “Degazatsiya Zemli: geodinamika, geoflyuidy, neft' i
gaz” (Degassing of the Earth: geodynamics, deep fluids, oil and gas), Moscow: GEOS Publ., 2002, pp. 309-312.
4. Gottikh R.P., Pisotskiy B.I. Muslimov R.Kh., Proceedings of the Russian conference with international participation “Degazatsiya Zemli: geodinamika, geoflyuidy, neft' i gaz” (Degassing of the Earth: geodynamics, deep fluids, oil
and gas), Moscow: GEOS Publ., 2002, pp. 312-315.
5. Kristallicheskiy fundament Tatarstana i problemy ego neftegazonosnosti
(The crystalline basement of Tatarstan and the problems of its oil and gas potential):
edited by Muslimov R.Kh., Lapinskaya T.A., Kazan': Denta Publ., 1996, 488 p.
6. Muslimov R.Kh., Postnikov A.V., Plotnikova I.N., Georesursy – Georesources,
2005, no. 1 (16), pp. 37-39.
7. Kayukova G.P., Romanov G.V., Luk'yanova R.G., Sharipova N.S., Organicheskaya
geokhimiya osadochnoy tolshchi i fundamenta territorii Tatarstana
(Organic geochemistry of sedimentary rocks and basement in Tatarstan),
Moscow: GEOS Publ., 2009, 487 p.
8. Petrov Al.A., Uglevodorody nefti (Petroleum hydrocarbons), Moscow:
Nauka Publ., 1984, 264 p.
9. Soboleva E.V., Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. S. 4. Geologiya – Moscow
University Geology Bulletin, 2003, no. 2, pp. 29-37.
10. Soboleva E.V., Guseva A.N., Khimiya goryuchikh iskopaemykh (Chemistry
of fossil fuels), Astrakhan': Publ. of AGPU, 2002, 194 p.
11. Peters K.E., Walters C.C., Moldowan J.M., The Biomarker Guide, 2005, V. 1. – 1155 p.

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R.R. Khasanov (Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, RF, Kazan), I.A. Larochkina (Instituteof Enveronmental Problems and Subsoil Use, RF,Kazan)
Prospects for the joint development of oil and coal deposits in previsean depressions of Volga -Ural oil and gas province

DOI:
E-mail: Rinat.Khassanov@ksu.ru
Key words: oil-bearing strata, coal deposits, Visean sediments, erosion and
karst incisions, technologies of mining.

The article deals with the conditions and patterns bedding oil and coal beds in the Visean sediments that fill local depressions on the surface of paleorelief Tournaisian carbonate strata. The proximity of coal and oil-saturated seams can be used for the joint development of oil and coal deposits.

References
1. Bludorov A.P., Istoriya paleozoyskogo uglenakopleniya na yugo- vostoke Russkoy platformy (The history of the Paleozoic coal accumulation in the
southeast of the Russian Platform), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1964, 256 p.
2. Gafurov Sh.Z., Khasanov R.R., Razvedka i okhrana nedr – Prospect and protection of mineral resources, 2000, no. 6, pp. 37-41.
3. Khisamov R.S., Gatiyatullin N.S., Gafurov Sh.Z., Khasanov R.R., Geologiya i
resursy Kamskogo ugol'nogo basseyna na territorii Respubliki Tatarstan (Geology
and resources of the Kama Coal Basin in the Republic of Tatarstan), Kazan': Fen Publ., 2009, 159 p.
4. Golitsyn M.V., Pronina N.V., The collection “Geologiya ugol'nykh  mestorozhdeniy” (Geology of coal deposits), Ekaterinburg: Publ. of Ural State Mining and Geology Academy, 2002, V. 12, pp. 19-30.
5. Kreynin E.V., Netraditsionnye termicheskie tekhnologii dobychi trudnoizvlekaemykh topliv: ugol', uglevodorodnoe syr'e (Unconventional thermal
production technology of hard-fuels: coal, hydrocarbons), Moscow: OOO “IRTs Gazprom” Publ., 2004, 302 p.
6. Larochkina I.A., Geologicheskie osnovy poiskov i razvedki neftegazovykh
mestorozhdeniy na territorii respubliki Tatarstan (Geological foundation of
prospecting and exploration of oil and gas deposits in the Republic of Tatarstan), Kazan': OOO “PF Gart” Publ., 2008, 210 p.
7. Maloletnev A.C., Shpirt M.Ya., Rossiyskiy khimicheskiy zhurnal – Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2008, V. LII, no. 6, pp. 44-52.
8. Neftegazonosnost' Respubliki Tatarstan. Geologiya i razrabotka neftyanykh
mestorozhdeniy (Petroleum potential of the Republic of Tatarstan. Geology and development of oil fields) edited by: R.Kh. Muslimov, V. 1, Kazan': Fen Publ., 2007, 316 p.
9. Muslimov R.Kh., Suleymanov E.I., Larochkina I.A. et al., Geologiya, geofizika
i razrabotka neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy,1994, no. 5-6, pp. 25- 29.
10. Gafurov Sh.Z., Larochkina I.A., Timofeev A.A., Khasanov R.R., Ugol'naya
baza Rossii (Russian coal foundation), V. 1: Ugol'nye basseyny i mestorozhdeniya
Evropeyskoy chasti Rossii (Severnyy Kavkaz, Vostochnyy Donbass,  Podmoskovnyy, Kamskiy, Pechorskiy basseyny, Ural) (Coal basins and deposits
of the European part of Russia (North Caucasus, Eastern Donbass, Moscow
Region, Kamsky and Pechora Basin, the Urals), Moscow: ZAO Geoinformmark
Publ., 2000, pp. 133-169.
11. Khrustaleva G.K., Medvedeva G.A., Razvedka i okhrana nedr – Prospect
and protection of mineral resources, 2006, no. 9-10, pp. 33-39.
12. Hyder Z., Riperi N., Karmis M., Underground coal gasification and potential
for greenhouse gas emission reduction, Society of Petroleum Engineers - Carbon
Management Technology Conference, 2012, V.1, pp. 368-372.
13. Wang G.X., Wang Z.T., Feng B. et al., Semi-industrial tests on enhanced underground coal gasification at Zhong-Liang-Shan coal mine, Asia-Pacific
Journal of Chemical Engineering, pp. 771-779.
14. Younger P.L., Hydrogeological and geomechanical aspects of underground
coal gasification and its direct coupling to carbon capture and storage, Mine Water and the Enviroment, 2011, pp. 127-140.

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E.A. Gubina, M.I. Alekseev (All Russia Petroleum Research & Exploration Institute, RF, Saint-Petersburg
Oil-and-gas potential of Vendian – Lower Cambrian carbonate reservoirs in the central part of Nepa-Botuoba oil-and-gas bearing area

DOI:
E-mail: ins@vnigri.spb.su, katran82@mail.ru
Key words: petroleum, intensification, Nepa-Botuoba oil-and-gas bearing
area, carbonate reservoirs.

The main prospects for the discovery of new hydrocarbon deposits in the Nepa-Botuoba oil-and-gas bearing area of Lena-Tunguska province associated with the carbonate of the Vendian-Lower Cambrian sediments. The article discusses the main characteristics productive carbonate sediments. The article provides the analysis of the quality of sampling and testing of wells in the carbonate sediments, and the terms of use and effectiveness in these geological conditions, methods of stimulation of hydrocarbons 

References
1. Antsiferov A.S., Bakin V.E., Vorob'ev V.N., et al., Nepsko-Botuobinskaya antekliza – novaya perspektivnaya oblast' dobychi nefti i gaza na Vostoke SSSR
(Nepa-Botuoba anteclise - a new promising area oil and gas extraction in the
East of the USSR), Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ, 1986, 246 p.
2. Kontorovich A.E., Surkov V.S., Trofimuk A.A., et al., Neftegazonosnye
basseyny i regiony Sibiri. Nepsko-Botuobinskiy region (Oil and gas basins and
regions of Siberia. Nepa-Botuoba region), Novosibirsk: Publ. of OIGGiM SO
RAN, 1994, 76 p.
3. Resheniya chetvertogo Mezhvedomstvennogo regional'nogo stratigraficheskogo
soveshchaniya po utochneniyu stratigraficheskikh skhem venda i
kembriya vnutrennikh rayonov Sibirskoy platformy (Decisions of the Fourth
inter-agency meeting on Regional stratigraphic refinement of stratigraphic charts of Vendian and Cambrian of the Siberian platform interior regions), Novosibirsk: Publ. of SNIIGGiMS, 1989, 64 p.
4. Shemin G.G., Geologiya i perspektivy neftegazonosnosti venda i nizhnego
kembriya tsentral'nykh rayonov Sibirskoy platformy (Nepsko-Botuobinskaya,
Baykitskaya anteklizy i Katangskaya sedlovina) (Geology and petroleum potential
of the Vendian and Lower Cambrian of central regions of the Siberian platform (Nepa-Botuobiyan, Baikit anteclise and Katanga Saddle)), Novosibirsk: Publ. of SO RAN, 2007, 467 p.

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M.V. Shaldybin, V.N. Babov, M.N. Shtokolova, B.A. Fedorov (TomskNIPIneft JSC, RF, Tomsk)
Modeling of fractured reservoir on the example of Tomsk area oilfield

DOI:
E-mail: shtokolovamn@nipineft.tomsk.ru;
ShaldybinMV@nipineft.tomsk.ru; FedorovBA@nipineft.tomsk.ru 
Key words: fracturing, carbonate reservoir, dual porosity model.

Fractured zones were obtained on base of complex research investigation for core of Paleozoic deposits and logging. These data allowed construct facial model of oilfield where various character of physical properties were defined separately for matrix of rock and in fractures. Matrix properties and different types of fracturing defined: their direction of propagation and density that have been fixed in oilfield petrophysical model. Dual porosity and permeability model created for productive carbonate deposits have been set for porous-flow model. Successive adaptation of this model in reference to the history of exploitation showed about high predictive potential and rightness of used methods.

References
1. Van Golf-Racht T.D., Fundamentals of fractured reservoir engineering, Elsevier
Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, 1982.
2. Shevchenko S.M., Shevchenko D.S., Programma vydeleniya litologicheskikh
raznostey karbonatnykh porod v razrezakh skvazhin “KARBONAT” (Software
system to extract lithological differences of carbonate rocks in wells “KARBONAT”), Tomsk: Publ. of OAO “TomskNIPIneft'”, p. 4.
3. Kotyakhov F.I., Fizika neftyanykh i gazovykh kollektorov (Physics of oil and
gas reservoirs), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1977, 287 p.
4. Pinus O.V., Borisenok D.V., Bakhir S.Yu., Sokolov E.P., Zellou A.M., Geologiya nefti i gaza - The journal Oil and Gas Geology, 2006, no. 6, pp. 38-42.
5. Pyl'nik S.V., Shaporenko S.N., Babov V.N., Uraev O.O., Shtokolova M.N. Vestnik TsKR Rosnedra, 2012, no. 3, pp.14-21.

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Drilling of chinks

S.A. Ananyev, F.R. Yakhshibekov (Surgutneftegas OJSC, RF, Surgut), V.V. Bykov (Oil and Gas Production Department Talakanneft, RF, Surgut), V.D. Gorgots (Tyumen Branch of SurgutNIPIneft, RF, Tyumen)
Àpplication of technology of chemical mudding, reducing damage of reservoirs at wells drilling in the Yakutia fields during well construction

DOI:
E-mail: Gorgots_VD@surgutneftegas.ru
Key words: near-wellbore reservoir zone, the chemical mudding, potassium
dichromate.
It is noted that during the initial reservoirs exposing the zone of mud filtrate invasion
into near-wellbore reservoir area is forming and increasing in time. While casing cementing it increases sharply due to filtering of injected buffer fluid and cement, which does not permit to obtain a potentially possible yield. In order to stop the growth of the flushed zone after the initial exposing before stimulation after perforation the technology of chemical mudding, reducing the reservoir damage and allowing significantly to increase the well productivity factor, is developed.

References
1. Research Report no.1660-10, Sovershenstvovanie tekhnologiy vskrytiya zalezhey slozhnogo stroeniya (Improving technology of opening deposits with complex structure), authors: Gorgots V.D. et al., Tyumen': Publ. of TB of SurgutNIPIneft', 2010, 783 p.
2. Dolganskaya S.I., Issledovaniya mekhanizma vzaimodeystviy v sistemakh polimer-polimer i polimer-poroda (Research on the mechanism of interactions in polymer-polymer and polymer-rock), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 1994, 40 p.
3. Stralbett A.G., Semchenko D.P., Fizicheskaya khimiya (Physical chemistry),
Moscow: Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1988.
4. Valeeva N.A., Vskrytie produktivnykh plastov s primeneniem polimersolevykh
rastvorov s upravlyaemoy kol'matatsiey (Opening of productive layers using polymer-salt solutions with controlled mudding): thesis of the candidate of Technical sciences, Ufa, 1988.

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R.M. Vafin (Nafta-Service LLC, RF, Almetyevsk), A.I. Burenkov (ROSPAN INTERNATIONAL CJSC, RF, New Urengoy), A.A. Saltykova (OIL INDUSTRY Publishing House CJSC, RF, Moscow), S.A. Pankov, V.A. Churkin (Ural State Mining University, RF, Ekaterinburg), O.A. Nechaeva (Samara State Technical University, RF, Samara)
Choosing drilling fluid for well making in complicated mining and geological conditions

DOI:
E-mail: nechaevaoa@gmail.com
Key words: drilling fluid, wall packing, flush fluid, well making.

Developing effective drilling fluid systems for wiring holes in complicated mining and geological conditions that sustain terrigenous clay, unconsolidated sand rocks and has natural permeability is an important task. In this regard, the important role is played by physical and chemical methods for drilling unstable fluid-saturated horizons with alternating intervals of wells, which is to secure mudding walls, preventing passage of fluid from the reservoir int the wellbore. Designed gel solution influences the formation of lasting colmating screen having a high coefficient of reliability, which prevents the penetration of mud filtrate into the formation, increases the stability of the wellbore while drilling shale and limits the flow of fluid from the reservoir into the wellbore.

References
1. Basarygin Yu.M., Bulatov A.I., Proselkov Yu.M., Oslozhneniya i avarii pri burenii neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhin (Complications and accidents in drilling oil and gas wells), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 2001, 677 p.
2. Gorodnov V.D., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 1964, no. 4, pp. 14-18.
3. Gorodnov V.D., Materialy NTS po glubokomu bureniyu (Proceedings of the Technical Council on deep drilling), 1973, V. 17.
4. Ryazanov Ya.A., Entsiklopediya po burovym rastvoram (Encyclopedia of mud), Orenburg: Letopis' Publ., 2005, 664 p.
5. Tsivinskiy D.N., Primenenie metoda polnogo faktornogo eksperimenta v neftegazovom dele (Application of the full factorial experiment in the oil and gas business), Samara: SamGTU, 2002, 170 p.

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A.A. Zhivaev (IKF-Services ZAO, RF, Volzhsky), S.V. Vasilchenko (M-I DRILLING FLUIDS U.K. LIMITED, RF, Moscow), S.V. Medentsev (M-I DRILLING FLUIDS U.K. LIMITED, Kazakhstan, Almaty)
Determination of acrylic polymer concentrations in drilling fluid

DOI:
E-mail: azhivayev@miswaco.slb.com,
svasilchenko@miswaco.slb.com, smedentsev@miswaco.slb.com
Key words: partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, acrylamide, sodium acrylate, copolymer, concentration, determination, drilling fluid.

The new method of quantitative determination of acrylamide and sodium acrylate copolymers in a non-dispersed water-based drilling fluid is developed and verified. The advantage of the method constructed is a possibility to measure the concentrations of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and sodium polyacrylate having different composition and molecular weight. The concentrations of both polymers can be measured in a mud simultaneously. The method does not require complex lab equipment and can be recommended for use at a rig.

References
1. Taylor K.C., Nasr-El-Din H.A., Acrylamide copolymers: A review of methods
for the determination of concentration and degree of hydrolysis, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 1994, V. 12, no. 1, pp. 9–23.
2. Beazley P.M., Quantitative determination of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide
polymers in oil field production water, Anal. Chem.,1985, V. 57, no. 11, pp. 2098 - 2101.
3. Hawn G.G., Talley C.P., Gas chromatographic determination of polyacrylamide
after hydrolysis to ammonia, Anal. Chem., 1981, V. 53, no. 4, pp. 731–732.
4. Scoggins M.W., Miller J.W., Determination of water-soluble polymers containing
primary amide groups using the starch-triiodide method, SPEJ, 1979, V. 19, no. 3, pp. 151–154.
5. Taylor K.C., Burke R.A., Nasr-El-Din H.A., Schramm L.L., Development of a
flow injection analysis method for the determination of acrylamide copolymers in brines, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 1998, V. 21, no. 1–2, pp. 129–139.
6. Kuehne D.L., Shaw D.W., Manual and automated turbidimetric methods for the determination of polyacrylamides in the presence of sulfonates, SPEJ, 1985, V. 25, no. 5, pp. 687–692.
7. Pradip, Attia Y.A., Fuerstenau D.W., The adsorption of polyacrylamide flocculants on apatites, Colloid Polym. Sci., 1980, V. 258, no. 12, pp. 1343–1353.
8. Lu J., Wu L., Spectrophotometric determination of substrate-borne  polyacrylamide, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, V. 50, no. 18, pp. 5038–5041.
9. OFI Testing Equipment. Ammonia extraction test kit, “Polyplus”. Test kit for the determination and amount of PHPA Polymer in drillings fluids by the Ammonia
Extraction Method, USA, Texas, Houston: OFITE, 2 p. 
10. Palma Sr. R.J., Barad J., Palkowetz Jr. J.M., Field assay of polyacrylamide in
drilling fluids, Anal. Lett., 1984, V. 17, no. 10, pp. 897–904.
11. Abramova L.I., Bayburdov T.A., Grigoryan E.P. et al., Poliakrilamid (Polyacrylamide), Moscow: Khimiya Publ., 1992, 192 p.
12. Volynets V.F., Volynets M.P., Analiticheskaya khimiya azota (Analytical
chemistry of nitrogen), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1977, 307 p.
13. Mázor L., Methods of organic analysis, Amsterdam; New York, Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co., 1983.
14. Lur'e Yu.Yu., Rybnikova A.I., Khimicheskiy analiz proizvodstvennykh
stochnykh vod (Chemical analysis of industrial waste water), Moscow: Khimiya Publ., 1974, 336 p.
15. McCulley L.Z., Malachosky E., A new method for the quantitative  determination of the PHPA polymer content of drilling fluids and other aqueous systems, SPE 22580.
16. Kreshkov A.P. Osnovy analiticheskoy khimii. Teoreticheskie osnovy. Kolichestvennyy analiz (Fundamentals of analytical chemistry. Theoretical framework. Quantitative analysis), Book 1, Moscow: Khimiya Publ., 1976, 480 p.

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Information

Scientific and Technical Center "Tatneft" in Technopark "Skolkovo"

DOI:

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Working out and operation of oil deposits

R.R. Ibatullin, V.V. Kuneevsky, V.B. Osnos, A.T. Zaripov, R.Sh. Absalyamov (TatNIPIneft, RF, Bugulma)
Study of effectiveness of high-temperature heat-transfer medium for production of heavy oil and natural bitumen

DOI:
E-mail: ontopatent@tatnipi.ru
Key words: production of heavy oil and natural bitumen, high-temperature heat-transfer medium usage, optimum production parameters, high oil recovery factor, low water-cut, formation damage minimizing pressure.

The paper describes a novel thermal recovery method for production of heavy oil and natural bitumen using high-temperature heat-transfer medium allowing for natural oil convection in the reservoir as a result of heating thereof up to 300-400°C through a heat exchanger installed in a horizontal borehole, which is also used for production of formation fluids at bottom-hole pressure that is close to original reservoir pressure. Analyses of energy consumption vs. original water saturation and extent of production vs. bottom-hole temperature have been performed.

References
1. Takhautdinov Sh.F., Khisamov R.S. , Ibatullin R.R. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2009, no. 7, pp. 34-37.
2. Ibatullin R.R., Tekhnologicheskie protsessy razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy  (Technological processes of oil field development), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2011, 304 p.
3. Maksutov R.A., Orlov G.I., Osipov A.V., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil  Industry, 2007, no. 2, pp. 34-37.
4. Maksutov R.A., Orlov G.I., Osipov A.V., Tekhnologii TEK, 2005, no. 6, pp. 36-40.

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M.B. Shevelev, A.V. Onegov (Gazpromneft NTC LLC, RF, Saint-Petersburg), A.R. Mavliev (Muravlenkovskneft Branch of Gazpromneft- Noyabrskneftegas OJSC, RF, Muravlenko), R.Ya. Husaenov (ROSPAN INTERNATIONAL CJSC, RF, New Urengoy), N.V. Makarov (Ural State Mining University, RF, Ekaterinburg), K.M. Minaev (National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, RF, Tomsk), R.A. Rastegaev (GEOLOGORAZVEDKA FGUNPP, RF, Saint-Petersburg)
The generalization of pressure-pulsing waterflooding experience on the example of one of oilfields in Western Siberia

DOI:
E-mail: Shevelev.MB@nis.eu, Onegov.AV@gazpromneft-ntc.ru,
mapneft@inbox.ru
Key words: pressure-pulsing waterflooding, depletion of reserves, water injection, voidage replacement, water cut, drainage. The article describes the results of cyclic waterflooding from 2009 to 2012 in the largest fields of the Muravlenkovskneft Branch of Gazpromneft-Noyabrskneftegas OJSC. Conclusions are drawn about the possibility of cyclic waterflooding systems for specific geological conditions. The influence of the method on the basic parameters of development was estimated.

References
1. Kutyrev E.F., Karimov A.A., Kutyrev A.E., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2011, no. 1, pp. 54-58.
2. Karasev E.L., Vashurkin A.I., Evchenko E.S., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 1984, no. 4, pp. 35-39.
3. Aristov V.A., Kudinov V.I., Vestnik Udmurtskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2002, no. 3, pp. 184-192.
4. Aristov V.A., Povyshenie effektivnosti razrabotki mestorozhdeniy OAO “Udmurtneft'”
primeneniem gidrodinamicheskikh metodov vozdeystviya na plast
(Improving the efficiency of "Udmurtneft" field development using hydrodynamic
methods of reservoir stimulation), Proceedings of the VNIIneft', 2002, no. 128, pp. 168-172.
5. Bogdanov S.D., Geologiya nefti i gaza – The journal Oil and Gas Geology, 1991, no. 2, pp. 30-31.

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V.G. Salimov, R.R. Ibatullin, A.V. Nasybullin, O.V. Salimov (TatNIPIneft, RF, Bugulma), P. Kasza, M. Czupski (Oil and Gas Institute, the Republic of Poland, Krakov)
Experimental study of Carbonate Rocks dissolution rate acid fracturing fluids

DOI:
E-mail: salimov@tatnipi.ru
Key words: hydrofracturing, carbonate rocks, acid fluid, rotating disk,
diffusion, dissolution rate.

Diffusion coefficient for the reaction of carbonate rocks dissolution in acid fracturing fluids was measured using rotating disc. Four types of fracturing fluids and two types of carbonate rocks were used. It has been found that for all available speeds of the apparatus, the reaction rate increases with increase of angular rate of the disc, therewith, predominant dissolution of calcite rather than dolomite takes place. It has been demonstrated that at high fracturing pressure, the diffusion is almost insensitive to Neftenol K added to the acid solution, while in the Chevron-Phillips fracturing fluid the diffusion decreases by one-two orders of magnitude, and in acid-oil emulsion fluid it decreases by three orders of magnitude. The measurements’ results were entered into the MFrac acid base.

References
1. Rozieres J. et al., Measuring diffusion coefficients in acid fracturing fluids
and their application to gelled and emulsified acids, Paper SPE 28552.
2. Anderson M.S., Reactivity of San Andres dolomite, Paper SPE 20115.
3. Taylor K.C., Nasr-El-Din H.A., Measurement of acid reaction rates with the rotating disk apparatus, Paper SPE 2007-015.
4. Taylor K.C. et al., Measurement of acid reaction rates of a deep dolomitic gas reservoir, JCPT, October 2004, V. 43, no. 10, pp. 49-56.
5. Lund K. et al., Acidization-II. The dissolution of calcite in hydrochloric acid, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1975, no. 30, pp. 825-835.
6. Hoefner M.L. et al., Role of acid diffusion in matrix acidizing of carbonates, JPT, February 1987, pp. 203-208.
7. Stilbs P., Moseley M.E., Multicomponent self-diffusion measurement by the
pulsed gradient spin-echo method on standard Fourier transform NMR  pectrometers, Chem. Scripta, 1980, no. 15, 176 p.
8. Levich V.G., Fiziko-khimicheskaya gidrodinamika (Physical and chemical
hydrodynamics), Moscow: Gos. Izd. fiziko-matematicheskoy literatury Publ., 1959, 699 p.
9. Hansford G.S., Litt M., Mass transport from a rotating disk into power law liquids, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1968, no. 23, pp. 849-864.
10. Plummer L.N., Busenberg E., The kinetics of dissolution of dolomite in CO2 –
H2O systems at 1,5 to 65°C and 0 to 1 atm PCO2, Amer. Jour. of Sci, 1982, V. 282, pp. 45-78.

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M.A. Vinokhodov, S.M. Ishkinov (Slavneft - Megionneftegaz OJSC, RF, Megion), R.V. Sidorov, R.L. Pavlishyn (KhimServisInzhiniring MPK OOO, RF, Moscow)
Experience of injectivity profile leveling at the high-temperature and low-permeability reservoirs of Taylakovskoye field

DOI:
E-mail: info@cse-inc.ru
Key words: injectivity profile, Taylakovskoye field, candidate wells.

Geological production characteristic of two reservoirs of Taylakovskoye field is given. Seepage tracer studies on these reservoirs are performed. Pressure wells injectivity profile leveling technology, based on the use of a homogeneous aqueous solution, containing the gel-forming systems, is suggested. The effectiveness of its implementation is marked.



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I.A. Vinogradov, A.A. Zagorovsky, V.A. Grinchenko (TNNC LLC, RF, Tyumen), Ya.I. Gordeev (Verkhechonskneftegaz OJSC, RF, Irkutsk)
Investigation of desalination process in the development of saline clastic reservoirs of Verkhnechonskoye àield

DOI:
E-mail: IAVinogradov2@tnk-bp.com, AAZagorovskiy@tnk-bp.com, VAGrinchenko@tnk-bp.com
Key words: terrigenous formation, surficial salination, halite, desalination, washout of saline deposits, highly saline water, core experiments.

The paper addresses the issues of desalinization of terrigenous reservoir in the Verkhnechonsky horizon, pore throats of which are lined with halite. The paper presents general results of core laboratory tests. It demonstrates changes in fresh water salinity and rheology during the process of its filtration through salinized core sample. The scale of porosity and permeability change during rock desalinization is shown. Critical factors controlling oil displacement efficiency are identified. 

References
1. Verigin N.N., Sherzhukov B.S., Collection of works “Razvitie issledovaniy po
teorii fil'tratsii v SSSR” (Development of research in the theory of filtration in the
USSR), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1966, pp. 237-313.
2. Verigin N.N., Vasil'ev S.V., Sarkisyan V.S., Sherzhukov B.S.,  Gidrodinamicheskie i fiziko-khimicheskie svoystva gornykh porod (Hydrodynamic and physical and chemical properties of rocks), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1977.

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V.V. Poplygin (Perm National Research Polytechnic University, RF, Perm), A.V. Davydova (OIL INDUSTRY Publishing House CJSC, RF, Moscow), N.V. Pronin (Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, RF, Kazan), D.Yu. Vankov (New Technologies - Service, RF, Samara), O.A. Nechaeva (Samara State Technical University, RF, Samara), V.S. Noskov (Branch of TNK-BP Management Center of Expert Assistance and Technical Development of Upstream Operations in Tyumen, RF, Tyumen)
Evaluating the effectiveness of acid treatment in Turnaisian formation of Perm region

DOI:
E-mail: poplygin@bk.ru
Key words: oil reservoir, well, productivity index, acidizing, debit, bottom hole
pressure.

The article presents the results of the use of acidic composition of DN-9010 for the stimulation of oil wells in the turnejskih deposits in deposits of Perm region. Authors assessed the impact of technological and geophysical parameters of layers on the success of the acid treatments, by comparing the rates of productivity and production wells before and after acid treatment. When the watercut increases and bottomhole pressure decreases the effectiveness of acid treatment decreases. With the growing volume of acid solution pumped per unit effective oil-acid, performance impact is increasing. Equation for predicting the coefficient obtained productivity wells after the acid treatment. 

References
1. Poplygin V.V., Davydova I.S., Kuznetsov I.V., Galkin S.V., Vestnik Permskogo
natsional'nogo issledovatel'skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta, Ser. Geologiya.
Neftegazovoe i gornoe delo, 2010, no. 5, pp. 70-74.
2. Poplygin V.V., Golovizina A.A., Neft', gaz i biznes, 2011, no. 8, pp. 24-26.
3. Poplygin V.V., Poplygina I.S., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2012, no.
10, pp. 104-105.
4. Mordvinov V.A., Poplygin V.V., Erofeev A.A., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2012, no. 10, pp. 102-103.
5. Lysenkov A.V., Antipin Yu.V., Stenichkin Yu.N., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil
Industry, 2009, no. 6, pp. 36-39.
6. Poplygin V.V., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2011, no. 10, pp. 28-29.
7. Mordvinov V.A., Poplygin V.V., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2011,
no. 8, pp. 120-122.

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A.V. Nasybullin, N.R. Nurtdinov, T.M. Suleimanova, A.V. Valeeva, M.N. Khanipov (TatNIPIneft, RF, Bugulma)
Substantiation of horizontal wells drilling based on geologic uncertainty (Matrosovskoye field case study)

DOI:
E-mail: arslan@tatnipi.ru
Key words: geologic uncertainty, geologic model, petrophysical modeling, stochastic simulation, reservoir simulation model, horizontal wellbore, drilling efficiency.

This paper discusses the potential of considering the uncertainty of geologic aspects in interwell space to predict the efficiency of planned horizontal wells drilling through geologic modeling using various deterministic and stochastic parameter distribution algorithms.

References
1. Khisamov R.S., Nasybullin A.V., Modelirovanie razrabotki neftyanykh  mestorozhdeniy (Simulation of oil fields development), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2008, 255 p.
2. Nasybullin A.V., Antonov O.G., Shutov A.A., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2012, no. 7, pp. 14-16.
3. Sultanov A.S. et al., Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2011, no. 5, pp. 13-17.
4. Sultanov A.S., Nasybullin A.V., Sattarov R.Z., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2008, no. 7, pp. 54-57.

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L.N. Nazarova, E.V. Nechaeva (Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, RF, Moscow)
The analysis of influence of bottomhole pressure decrease under saturation pressure on the oil recovery

DOI:
E-mail: elenan83@mail.ru
Key words: saturation pressure, bottomhole pressure, dissolved gas dry, mobility
ratio, filtration zone, compositional three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling, waterflooding, oil viscosity.

The mobility ratio of expulsed oil and water is used for an estimation of efficiency of well performance at bottomhole pressure under saturation pressure. The estimation of influence of decrease of bottomhole pressure under saturation pressure upon wells oil rate dynamics is carried out. The quantitative estimation of this influence is given at various geologo-physical conditions such, as permeability and viscosity.

References
1. Nechaeva E.V., Gazovaya promyshlennost' – GAS Industry of Russia, 2009,
no. 11, pp. 41 – 42.
2. Hall H.N., How to analyze waterflood injection well performance, World Oil,
1963, Oct., pp. 128 – 130.
3. Mishchenko I.T., Sagdiev R.F., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2003,
no. 4, pp. 104-106.

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N.M. Safarov (Oil Gas Scientific Research Project Institute, SOCAR, the Azerbaijan Republic, Baku)
On the studying of emulsions formation process in the layer and the possibility of their application for increasing of oil recovery factor

DOI:
E-mail: natik_safarov@mail.ru
Key words: water-oil emulsions, difficultly taken stocks, the flooding of well production , the layer model, oil factor, rhotoviskosity, effective viscosity,
rheotechnology.

In the article the method of water-oil emulsions injection in a layer, which formed of extracted production of the given layer is offered. Experimental researches on process studying inside layer formations of water oil emulsions and possibility of their further application for increase of oil recovery factor on the basis of new technology - rheotechnology. It is revealed, that efficiency of waterflooding process, especially for high viscosity non-newton oils deposits it can be considerable it is increased at the expense of technology application water oil emulsion influences which allows to regulate and optimize process of an intensification of oil extracting, increasing thereby coverage of a layer and quantity of the oil superseded from it.

References
1. Mirzadzhanzade A.Kh.. Akhmedov Z.M., Aliev V.A. et al., Osobennosti
razrabotki mestorozhdeniy nen'yutonovskikh neftey (Features of development
fields with non-Newtonian oil), Thematic review of the scientific and
technical information, Moscow: Publ. of .VNIIEONG, 1971, 115 p.
2. Muskat M., Physical principles of oil production, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1949, 922 p.
3. Vladimirov I.V., Kazakov E.G., Rafin R.F. et al., Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2004,
no. 6, pp. 73-77.
4. Ismayylov G.G., Safarov N.M., Guliev V.K., Gasanov Kh.I., Proceedings of
the International Research Conference “Sovremennye problemy neftegazovogo
kompleksa Kazakhstana” (Modern problems of the oil and gas industry of Kazakhstan), Aktau, 2011, pp. 153-158.
5. Ismayylov G.G., Safarov N.M., Kelova I.N., Vestnik Azerbaydzhanskoy inzhenernoy akademii, 2011, V. 3, no. 2, pp. 81-94 .

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Technics and technology of oil recovery

R.N. Gataullin, Ya.I. Kravtsov, Å.À. Marfin (Research Centre for Power Engineering Problems, Kazan Scientific Centre of RAS, RF, Kazan)
Intensification the process of hard to recover hydrocarbons reserves extraction by integrated heat-wave influence on layer

DOI:
E-mail: rustem.acadrome@mail.ru
Key words: oil layer, heat-wave action, horizontal wells, emitter of fluctuations, well stimulation.

The study is devoted to solve the problem of intensification the process of hard to recover hydrocarbons reserves extraction and the oil recovery enhancement by method of integrated heat-wave influence on productive strata. In article is investigated the mechanism of influencing on the headers  saturated with bitumens, tendered ways and tools for optimisation the development technologies of fields in the conditions with horizontal wells that allows to decrease energy expenditures and to provide profitability of oil extraction process. Object of research is studying of influencing the thermal and wave field parameters on conditions and geological and physical properties of heat carrier and reservoir fluid.

Reference
1. Gataullin R.N., Kravtsov Ya.I., Kokhanova S.Ya., Vestnik Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta im. A.N. Tupoleva, 2008, no. 3,
pp. 9-14.
2. Chung K.H., Butler R.M., A theoretical and experimental study of SAGD, The 4th UNITAR/UNDP International conference on heavy crude and tar sands: In
situ recovery, 1988, V. 4, pp. 191-210.
3. Neft' i gaz, 1999, V. 97, no. 13, pp. 47-49.
4. Shandrygin A.N., Nukhaev M.T., Tertychnyy V.V., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2006, no. 7, pp. 92-96.
5. Sozdanie matematicheskikh modeley sistem razrabotki neglubokozalegayushchikh plastov mestorozhdeniy PB s vertikal'no-gorizontal'nymi skvazhinami (The creation of mathematical models of systems development shallow-
lying layers of natural bitumen deposits with vertical horizontal wells), Bugul'ma: Publ. of RNTTs VNIIneft', 1999, 101 p.
6. Iktisanov V.A., Gidrodinamicheskie issledovaniya i modelirovanie mnogostvol'nykh gorizontal'nykh skvazhin (Hydrodynamic research and modeling
of multilateral horizontal wells), Kazan': Yaluton Publ., 2007, 124 p.
7. Gataullin R.N., Modelirovanie protsessa teplovolnovogo vozdeystviya na
produktivnyy plast v usloviyakh gorizontal'nykh skvazhin (Modeling of heatwave
processing on the reservoir in a horizontal well):thesi s of the candidate of Technical sciences, Kazan', 2009, 150 p.
8. Patent no. 2249683 RU C2 E 21 V 43/24, 43/16, Method for heat-wave processing of bed, Inventors: Alemasov V.E., Muslimov R.Kh., Kravtsov Ja.I., Repin A.P., Butorin Eh.A., Abdulkhairov R.M., Jangurazova Z.A.
9. Handbook of physical constants, Edited by Clark S.P., Jr., Yale University,
New Haven, Connecticut, The Geol. Soc. of America, Inc. Memoir 97, 1966.
10. Vakhitov G.G., Simkin E.M., Ispol'zovanie fizicheskikh poley dlya
izvlecheniya nefti iz plastov (The use of physical fields for oil recovery), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1985, 232 p.
11. Gataullin R.N., Kravtsov Ya.I., Marfin E.A., Trudy Akademenergo, 2009,
no. 4, pp. 84-93.

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S.V. Vorobyev, I.V. Dorovskikh (Samara State Technical University, RF, Samara), A.V. Kovalev, A.V. Epihin (National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, RF, Tomsk), G.V. Lunkov (TNK-Nyagan LLC, RF, Nyagan), A.S. Bubnov (Research and Innovative Technology Research Expert Company, Tomsk Polytechnic University of drilling, RF Tomsk), A.A. Melekhin (Perm National Research Polytechnic University, RF, Perm)
Combination of physicochemical methods for bottom-hole zone treatment

DOI:
E-mail: servorobyev@mail.com
Key words: well stimulation, permeability, equipment of oil production, optimization.

The article considers the modern approach to enhanced oil recovery from the reservoir associated with a combination of physical and chemical methods of influence on bottom-hole formation zone the reservoir. Designed jetting device allows for high-speed jets and expense of fluctuations in the fluid flow increase the effectiveness of bottom-hole zone of the reservoir, clean the walls of the well and contribute to pollution from washing off perforations.

References
1. Akulichev V.A., Akusticheskiy zhurnal – Acoustical Physics, 1965, no. 11, pp. 719-723.
2. Gorbachev Yu.I., Kuznetsov O.L., Rafikov R.S., Pechkov A.A., Geofizika, 1998, no. 4, pp. 5-9.
3. Neretin V.D., Yudin V.A., Voprosy nelineynoy geofiziki (Problems of nonlinear
geophysics), Publ. of VNIIYaGG, 1981, pp. 132-137.
4. Podalka E.S., Ul'trazvuk v neftyanoy promyshlennosti (Ultrasound in the oil industry), Kiev: Gostekhizdat USSR Publ., 1962, 213 p.
5. Siov B.N., Istechenie cherez nasadki v sredy s protivodavleniem (Outflow
through the nozzle into the medium with back pressure), Moscow: Mashinostroenie
Publ., 1968, 140 p.
6. Alemasov V.E., Kravtsov Ya.I., Butorin E.I. et al., Interval, 2002, no. 1, pp. 67-69.
7. Pirashvili Sh.A., Polyaev V.M., Sergeev M.N., Vikhrevoy effekt. Eksperiment,
teoriya, tekhnicheskie resheniya (Vortex effect. Experiment, theory and technical
solutions): edited by Leont'ev A.I., Moscow: Publ. of UNPTs “Energomash”,
2000, 412 p.
8. Utility patent no. 63714, Skvazhinnyy gidroakusticheskiy generator (Downhole
hydroacoustic generator), Inventors: Vorob'ev S.V., Zhivaeva V.V., Kraynov I.S.

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    <tr><td><b><font color="#ffffff" face="Arial">Transport and oil preparation</font></b></td></tr>
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M.Yu. Tarasov, S.S. Ivanov (Giprotyumenneftegaz OAO, HMS Group, RF, Tyumen)
Reducing the loss of light liquid hydrocarbons at the oil fields

DOI:
E-mail: tarasov@gtng.ru
Key words: associated gas, light liquid hydrocarbons.

It is proposed at separation processes calculations for determining the  design associated gas yield to consider the possibility of light liquid  hydrocarbons discharge from the gas. Recommended The legislative fixation of the
concept of light liquid hydrocarbons, produced from the associated gas at the systems of collection, treatment and transportation of oil in order to expand the range of products of oil and gas company and variance of technological solutions as related to the of the lines of transportation (distribution) of the associated gas and products, yielded from it. 

References
1. Andreeva N.N., Tarasov M.Yu., Ivanov S.S., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2011, no. 11, pp. 92-94.
2. RD 39-0004-90, Rukovodstvo po proektirovaniyu i ekspluatatsii separatsionnykh uzlov neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy, vyboru i komponovke separatsionnogo oborudovaniya (Guidelines for the design and operation of separation units of oil fields, the selection and configuration of separation equipment), Moscow: Publ. of Ministry of Oil and Gas Industry, 1990, 68 p.
3. Ivanov S.S., Tarasov M.Yu., Zobnin A.A. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2011, no. 9, pp. 116-118.
4. Nikolaev V.V., Busygina N.V., Busygin I.G., Osnovnye protsessy fizicheskoy
i fiziko-khimicheskoy pererabotki gaza (The main processes of physical and
physico-chemical processing of natural gas), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1998, 184 p.

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Pipeline transport of oil

M.V. Lurye, A.S. Didkovskaya (Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, RF, Moscow)
Longitidinal mixing of the liquid petroleum gas components in pipeline transportation

DOI:
E-mail: lurie254@gubkin.ru
Key words: liquid petroleum gas, liquid natural gas, pipeline transportation,
component composition, longitudinal mixing, mathematical simulation, diffusion
equation.

LPG – liquid petroleum gas – is a mixture of light oil gas and heavy natural gas components that are being transferred through a pipeline as a liquid under high pressure. Typical LPG contains methane-ethane, propane-butane and pentane-hexane fractions. During pipeline transportation each LPG component is undergoing constant changes related to longitudinal mixing processes. This article presents a method of calculation of the LPG composition at the end of a pipeline when an initial composition of the LPG components at the beginning of the pipeline is known.

References
1. Lur'e M.V., Matskin L.A., Maron V.I., et al., Optimizatsiya posledovatel'noy
perekachki nefteproduktov (Optimization of the sequential pumping of petroleum
products), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1979, 256 p.
2. Ishmukhametov I.T., Isaev S.L., M.V. Lur'e, Makarov S.P., Truboprovodnyy
transport nefteproduktov (Pipeline transportation of petroleum products), Moscow: Neft' i gaz Publ., 1999, 299 p.
3. Tikhonov A.N., Samarskiy A.A., Uravneniya matematicheskoy fiziki (The equations of mathematical physics), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1966, 724 p.
4. Tarnovskiy E.I., Shiryaev A.M., Nauka i tekhnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov - Oil&Oil Products Pipeline Transportation: Science & Technologies, 2011, no. 4, pp. 44-51.

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Rational use of oil gas

Zh.A. Daev (Intergas Central Asia AO), L.N. Latyshev (Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, RF, Ufa)
System of cost accounting and volume of associated gas

DOI:
E-mail: zhand@yandex.ru
Key words: associated gas, accounting, flow rate, quantity.

The problems, associated with oil gas flow rate and volume measuring and accounting in conditions of field operation, are considered. The structure of the system and algorithm of realization, allowing to greatly reduce the influence of disturbing factors and increase the accuracy of oil gas flow rate and volume measurement, are presented.

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Standardization and technical regulation

E.I. Bordunova, T.G. Dovbenko (Surgutneftegaz OAO)
The input production quality control at the central warehouse of industrial maintenance on rental and repair of electroloading facilities

DOI:
E-mail: Bordunova_E@surgutneftegas.ru, Dovbenko_TG@surgutneftegas.ru
Key words: input control, technical control service, the central production
laboratory.
The procedure of organization of the input control of repair parts and materials supplied to the central warehouse of industrial maintenance on rental and repair of electroloading facilities is described. The information about sample sizes, types of tests and applied laboratory equipment is given.



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Oil refining

S.S. Novikov (Synergetic Technology LLC, RF, Moscow; Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, RAS, RF, Moscow), S.Å. Belova, A.Yu .Sanderov (Synergetic Technology LLC, RF, Moscow), A.B.Yaroslavtsev (Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, RAS, RF, Moscow)
Usage of microfiltration membranes for water treatment of technological appointment at the petroleum refining industry

DOI:
E-mail: snovikov@syner-tech.ru
Key words: microfiltration, membranes, water treatment systems, water supply.

Authors offered a new class of microfiltration membranes ULTRA-J based on
modified polycarbonate with the spatial globular structure. The technology existing
at present allows to make purposefully membranes with effective pore diameter
0,1-5 micron. Low thickness (to 150 microns) and high porosity (to 80 %)
provide a high specific productivity at entrance pressure on membrane
0,1-0,2 MPa up to 0,9 m3/(m2∙h). An important advantage of ULTRA-J is constant filtration efficiency, which is lightly dependent of the inlet pressure. This
property is due to the rigid addition structure of spatial globular modified polycarbonate. The tests of membranes ULTRA-J at Kamenskvolokno JSC showed the prospects of using them for water pretreatment in industry. Roll-cage modules based on microfiltration membranes ULTRA-J have been recommended
for use in constructing of water cycling system with productivity 100 m3/h.

References
1. Pervov A.G., Efremov R.V., Makarov R.N., Membrany – Journal of Membrane
Science, 2004, no. 1(25), pp. 18-34.
2. Glukhova M.V., Kudinov Yu.S., Toplivno-energeticheskiy kompleks
Rossiyskoy Federatsii i ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' (The fuel and energy
complex of the Russian Federation and environmental security), Moscow: Novyy vek Publ., 2003, 172 p.
3. Agamaliev M.M., Ekologicheski sovershennye tekhnologii opresneniya i
kompleksnogo ispol'zovaniya mineralizovannykh vod (Environmentally advanced
technologies of desalination and integrated use of saline water), Baku: ELM Publ., 2001, 143 p.
4. Ivanov V.G., Vodosnabzhenie promyshlennykh predpriyatiy (Water supplies
of industrial enterprises), St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg State Transport University,
2003, 537 p.
5. V.L. Kudryashov, V.P. Dubyaga, V.G. Dzyubenko, A.V. Tarasov, Membrany –
Journal of Membrane Science, 2004, no. 3 (23).
6. Antonov A. N., Evseev A. V., Kamaev S. V. , Opticheskaya tekhnika, 1998,
no.1(13), pp. 5-14.
7. Urazaev V.A., Tekhnologii v elektronnoy promyshlennosti, 2005, no. 5, pp. 52-55.
8. Novikov S.S., Belova S.E., Zhdanov G.S. et al., Membrany i membrannye
tekhnologii, 2012, V. 2, no. 4, pp. 1-6.

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Ecological and industrial safety

Yu.I. Surkova (Perm National Research Polytechnic University, RF, Perm), A.V. Maksyutin, D.V. Mardashov, N.S. Lenchenkov, P.V. Gladkov, D.S. Tananykhin, R.R. Khusainov (National Mineral Resources University, RF, Saint-Petersburg)
Impact mitigation on the environment in handling solid oily waste

DOI:
E-mail: yuliyarudakoff@yandex.ru
Key words: sphalt, resin, and paraffin sediments, oil polluted soil, impact mitigation.

Oil complex objects have an effect on the geological environment, soil, subsurface
hydrosphere and atmosphere, animal and vegetable worlds. Currently, among the sources of anthropogenic impact on the environment is isolated, primary, secondary and tertiary. The major direction of oil waste minimization is the development and implementation of evidence-based standards of education at all stages of oil extraction. Significant oil content can be attributed to solid oily waste to the secondary material resources whose use as a raw material is one of the efficient methods of disposal, as this achieves high ecological and economic effects.

References
1. Khaustov A.P., Redina M.M., Okhrana okruzhayushchey sredy pri dobyche
nefti (Environmental protection in oil production), Moscow: Delo Publ., 2006, 552 p.
2. Bulatov A.I., Makarenko P.P., Shemetov P.P., Okhrana okruzhayushchey
sredy v neftegazovoy promyshlennosti (Environmental protection in the oil and gas industry), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1997, 483 p.
3. Turbakov M.S., Chernyshov S.E., Ust'kachkintsev E.N., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2012, no. 11, pp. 122-123.
4. Leybovich L.O., Ekologo-ekonomicheskaya otsenka effektivnosti tekhnicheskikh
resheniy pri ekspluatatsii promyslovykh nefteprovodov (Ecological and economic estimation of efficiency of technical solutions for the commercial exploitation of of oil pipelines): thesis of the candidate of technical science, Perm', 2004.
5. Avarii i neschastnye sluchai v neftyanoy i gazovoy promyshlennosti Rossii
(Accidents in the oil and gas industry in Russia): edited by Dadonov Yu.A., Kershenbaum V.Ya. , Moscow: Tekhnoneftegaz Publ., 2001, 213 p.
6. Analiz avariy i neschastnykh sluchaev v neftegazovom komplekse Rossii
(Accidents in the oil and gas industry in Russia):edited by Prusenko B.E.,  Martynyuk V.F., Moscow: Analiz opasnostey Publ., 2002, 309 p.
7. Buzmakov S.A., Kostarev S.M., Tekhnogennye izmeneniya komponentov
prirodnoy sredy v neftedobyvayushchikh rayonakh Permskoy oblasti
(Technogenous changes in environmental components in the oil producing
regions of the Perm region), Perm': Publ. of Perm State University, 2003, 169 p.
8. Ruchkinova O.I., Razrabotka resursosberegayushchikh tekhnologiy bezopasnoy
utilizatsii tverdykh otkhodov neftedobychi (Development of resource-
saving technologies for safe disposal of solid waste of oil production):
thesis of the doctor of technical science, Perm', 2004.
9. Ruchkinova O.I., Vestnik PGTU. Problemy sovremennykh materialov i
tekhnologiy, 2001, no. 7, pp. 107–113.
10. Nekrasova E.A., Ruchkinova O.I., Collected works “Ekologicheskie problemy
Zapadnogo Urala” (Environmental problems of the Western Urals). – Perm': Publ. of Perm State Technical University, 2001, pp. 40–41.
11. Turbakov M.S., Kozhevnikov E.V., Ryabokon' E.P., Chernyshov S.E., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2012, no. 11, pp. 130-132.

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